Fig 1.
Temporal distribution of the large ornithopod ichnotaxa (outline drawings of holotypic tracks).
Tracks are not to scale. 1. Camptosauropus vialovi (redrawn from [74]); 2. Sinoichnites youngi (redrawn from [46]); 3. Kharkushosauropus kharkushensis (redrawn from [56]); 4. Iguanodonichnus frenkii (redrawn from [70]); 5. Camptosaurichnus fasolae (redrawn from [70]); 6. Iguanodontipus burreyi (redrawn from [23]); 7. Wealdenichnites iguanodontoides (redrawn from [46]); 8. Caririchnium magnificum (redrawn from [11]); 9. Gigantoshiraminesauropus matsuoi (redrawn from [82]); 10. Sousaichnium pricei (redrawn from [10]); 11. Staurichnium diogenis (redrawn from [10]); 12. Brachyguanodonipus prejanensis (redrawn from [68]); 13. Hadrosaurichnoides igeensis (redrawn from [92]); 14. Iguanodonipus cuadrupedae (redrawn from [68]); 15. Shiraminesauropus reini (redrawn from [93]); 16. Shiraminesauropus hayashidaniensis (redrawn from [93]); 17. Amblydactylus gethingi (redrawn from [8]); 18. Amblydactylus kortmeyeri (redrawn from [57]); 19. Gypsichnites pacensis (redrawn from [8]); 20. Iguanodonopus xingfuensis (redrawn from [102]); 21. Iguanodontipus billsarjeanti (redrawn from [105]); 22. Ornithopodichnus masanensis (redrawn from [20]); 23. Caririchnium kyoungsookimi (redrawn from [80]); 24. Akmechetosauropus makhkamovi (redrawn from [56]); 25. Babatagosauropus bulini (redrawn from [56]); 26. Yangtzepus yipingensis (redrawn from [7]); 27. Bonaparteichnium tali (redrawn from [66]); 28. Sousaichnium monettae (redrawn from [66]); 29. Caririchnium leonardii (redrawn from [76]); 30. Caririchnium lotus (redrawn from [81]); 31. Limayichnus major (redrawn from [66]); 32. Caririchnium protohadrosaurichnos (redrawn from [78]); 33. Jiayinosauropus johnsoni (redrawn from [107]); 34. Apulosauripus federicianus (redrawn from [62]); 35. Hadrosaurichnus titicaensis (redrawn from [96]); 36. Hadrosaurichnus australis (redrawn from [93]); 37. Hadrosauripeda hauboldi (redrawn from [98]); 38. Hadrosauropodus langstoni (redrawn from [24]); 39. Hadrosauropodus nanxiongensis (redrawn from [99]); 40. Orcauichnites garumniensis (redrawn from [111]); 41. Ornithopodichnites magna (redrawn from [111]); 42. Taponichnus donottoi (redrawn from [119]); 43. Telosichnus saltensis (redrawn from [119]). The ichnogenus Goseongosauripus kimi has not been included because it was not possible to find a drawing of its holotype in the literature.
Table 1.
Data on large ornithopod ichnotaxa.
Fig 2.
Distribution of studied large ornithopod ichnogenera.
A, temporal distribution; B, temporal distribution by continents. Based on the data from S1 Table. Discontinuous line, there are no data.?, doubtful data. Aus., Australia.
Fig 3.
Holotypes of studied large ornithopod ichnotaxa.
A, Akmechetosauropus makhkamovi (redrawn from [56]); B, Amblydactylus gethingi (redrawn from [8]); C, Amblydactylus kortmeyeri (redrawn from [57]); D, Apulosauripus federicianus (redrawn from [62]); E, Babatagosauropus bulini (redrawn from [56]); F, Bonaparteichnium tali (redrawn from [66]); G, Brachyguanodonipus prejanensis (redrawn from [68]); H, Camptosaurichnus fasolae (redrawn from [70]); I, Camptosauropus vialovi (redrawn from [74]); J, Caririchnium magnificum (redrawn from [11]); K, Caririchnium leonardii (redrawn from [76]); L-M, Caririchnium protohadrosaurichnos (redrawn from [78]); N, Caririchnium lotus (redrawn from [81]); O, Caririchnium kyoungsookimi (redrawn from [80]); P, Gigantoshiraminesauropus matsuoi (redrawn from [82]); Q, Gypsichnites pacensis (redrawn from [8]); R, Hadrosaurichnoides igeensis (redrawn from [92]); S, Hadrosaurichnus australis (redrawn from [93]); T, Hadrosaurichnus titicaensis (redrawn from [96]); U, Hadrosauripeda hauboldi (redrawn from [98]); V, Hadrosauropodus langstoni (redrawn from [24]); W, Hadrosauropodus nanxiongensis (redrawn from [99]); X, Iguanodonichnus frenkii (redrawn from [70]); Y, Iguanodonipus cuadrupedae (redrawn from [68]).
Fig 4.
Holotypes of studied large ornithopod ichnotaxa (cont.).
A, Iguanodonopus xingfuensis (redrawn from [102]); B, Iguanodontipus burreyi (redrawn from [23]); C, Iguanodontipus billsarjeanti (redrawn from [105]); D, Jiayinosauropus johnsoni (redrawn from [107]); E, Kharkushosauropus kharkushensis (redrawn from [56]); F, Limayichnus major (redrawn from [66]); G, Orcauichnites garumniensis (redrawn from [111]); H, Ornithopodichnites magna (redrawn from [111]); I, Ornithopodichnus masanensis (redrawn from [20]); J, Shiraminesauropus reini (redrawn from [82]); K, Shiraminesauropus hayashidaniensis (redrawn from [82]); L, Sinoichnites youngi (redrawn from [47]); M, Sousaichnium pricei (redrawn from [10]); N, Sousaichnium monettae (redrawn from [66]); O, Staurichnium diogenis (redrawn from [10]); P, Taponichnus donottoi (redrawn from [119]); Q, Telosichnus saltensis (redrawn from [119]); R, Wealdenichnites iguanodontoides (redrawn from [47]); S, Yangtzepus yipingensis (redrawn from [7]).
Table 2.
Valuation of the large ornithopod ichnotaxa studied in this paper.
Table 3.
Large ornithopod ichnotaxa considered valid in this study.
Fig 5.
Groups of large ornithopod tracks classified on the basis of heel and digit impressions (see explanation in the text).
Group 1: A, holotype of Iguanodontipus burreyi (redrawn from [23]); B, Iguanodontipus burreyi (redrawn from [3]); C-E, Iguanodontipus isp. (redrawn from [101]). Group 2: F, holotype of Caririchnium magnificum (redrawn from [11]); G, holotype of Caririchnium lotus (redrawn from [81]); H, holotype of Iguanodontipus billsarjeanti (redrawn from [105]); I, holotype of Amblydactylus kortmeyeri (redrawn from [57]); J, Caririchnium isp. (redrawn from [95]). Group 3: K, holotype of Caririchnium leonardii (redrawn from [76]); L, holotype of Caririchnium kyoungsookimi (redrawn from [80]); M, Caririchnium leonardii (redrawn from [100]); N, Caririchnium isp. (redrawn from [171]); O, Caririchnium isp. (redrawn from [167]); P, Caririchnium leonardii (redrawn from [43]); Q, Caririchnium leonardii (redrawn from [172]); R, Caririchnium isp. (redrawn from [95]); S, holotype of Hadrosauropodus langstoni (redrawn from [24]); T, Hadrosauropodus langstoni (redrawn from [24]).
Fig 6.
A-C, type series of Iguanodontipus burreyi (redrawn from [23]); D, referred track of Iguanodontipus burreyi (redrawn from [3]).
Fig 7.
A-B, type series of Caririchnium magnificum (redrawn from [11]); C-D, type series of Caririchnium kortmeyeri (redrawn from [57]); E-F, type series of Caririchnium billsarjeanti (redrawn from [105]); G-I, type series of Caririchnium lotus (redrawn from [81]).
Fig 8.
A, holotype of Hadrosauropodus langstoni (redrawn from [24]); B, type series of Hadrosauropodus langstoni (redrawn from [24]); C, type series of Hadrosauropodus leonardii (redrawn from [76]); D, referred track of Hadrosauropodus leonardii (redrawn from [43]); E, referred trackway of Hadrosauropodus leonardii (redrawn from [43]); F, type series of Hadrosauropodus kyoungsookimi (redrawn from [80]).
Fig 9.
Temporal distribution of ichnogenera included in Iguanodontipodidae.
The ichnogenera in black are considered systematically valid. The ichnogenera in blue are considered systematically non-valid but the tracks belong to Iguanodontipodidae (see explanation in the text). Discontinuous line, there are no data.
Fig 10.
Distribution of valid ichnogenera and ichnospecies of Iguanodontipodidae.
A, temporal distribution. Outline drawings of holotypic tracks (see references in Fig. 1); B, temporal distribution by continents. Discontinuous line, there are no data.