Figure 1.
Measurement of PPA lengths, tilt angles and disc diameters with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in the left eye.
(A–D) Infrared (IR) images of the optic disc. (E) SD-OCT B-scan image oriented according to the red arrow in (A). Disc border (yellow arrows), RPE (blue arrows) and Bruch's membrane (BM) (orange arrows) were shown in (A, E). PPA lengths were categorized into superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal lenghs (B). Tilt angle was determined by the angle between the two lines drawn between the BM termination point and disc border (two purple arrows). Tilt angle was categorized into horizontal and vertical tilt angles (C). Disc diameter was defined as longitudinal and transverse diameters (D).
Figure 2.
A representative case of an eye with primary open angle glaucoma, a lamina cribrosa (LC) defect, and peripapillary intrachoroidal cavities (PICCs).
(A) A dark yellowish-orange lesion was seen in the area inferior to the optic disc. The LC defect is visible in the en face image (B), volume scan image (C), and B-scan image (D, red arrowhead). The infrared image (E) and spectral domain optical coherence tomography B-scan image (F), oriented at the blue arrow in (E), are shown. PICCs are visible as hyporeflective cavities between Bruch's membrane and the sclera. The retinal nerve fiber layer was not visible at the orange arrow.
Figure 3.
Representative cases of a healthy highly myopic eye with enlarged lamina pores (A–E) and an eye with primary open angle glaucoma and lamina cribrosa (LC) defects (F–J).
(A) A lamina pore can be seen within the optic disc cup (red arrowhead) in the optic disc photograph. (B) Multiple hyporeflective dots and a large hyporeflective region (red arrowhead) can be interpreted as lamina pores in en face optic disc images at the level of the LC. (C) Humphrey 24-2 pattern deviation plots show no glaucomatous visual field defect. Volume image (D) and horizontal B-scan image (E) corresponding to the green dotted line in (A). Note that the lamina structure was not fully defective in the hyporeflective region. (F) The LC defect can be seen in the inferior border of the optic disc rim (red arrowhead). (G) A wedge shaped hyporeflective region (red arrowhead) is also apparent in the en face image. (H) Humphrey 24-2 pattern deviation plots showed a glaucomatous visual field defect. Volume image (I) and horizontal B scan image (J) corresponding to the green dotted arrow in (F). Note that the lamina structure was fully defective in the hyporeflective region.
Table 1.
Demographics of Patients and Age-matched Control Subjects with High Myopia.
Table 2.
Reproducibility of SD-OCT Measurements of PPA Length and Tilt Angle (n = 184).
Table 3.
Correlation of the Disc Morphological Parameters measured with SD-OCT (POAG eyes with LC Defects/POAG eyes with LC Defects/Age-matched Control Subjects).
Table 4.
Comparison of Mean Disc Morphological Parameters of among POAG eyes with LC defects, POAG eyes without LC defects, and Age-matched Control Eyes.
Table 5.
Univariate and Multivariate Analysis of Disc Morphological Parameters Associated with LC Defects in High Myopic Eyes.