Figure 1.
The changes of weight, Lee's index, liver index and fat percentages in different groups per month.
A. Comparison of rats. B. Comparison of body weight. C. Comparison of liver index. D. Comparison of fat percentages. E. Comparison of Lee's index. SC: standard chow group; HSHF: high sugar and high fat diet group; a p<0.05 vs normal control; b p<0.05 vs 12th week group; c p<0.05 vs 24th week group; b p<0.05 vs 36th week group.
Table 1.
Blood biochemistry in different group (x±s. n = 8).
Figure 2.
Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test curve at 12 weeks.
* p<0.05 vs SC group.
Table 2.
Changes of LPS, ALP, and inflammation factors (x±s. n = 8).
Figure 3.
HE staining for intestine lesion.
A. Normal morphology of intestine in standard chow group. B. Intestine lesion at 12 weeks in HSHF group. C. Intestine lesion at 24 weeks in HSHF group. D. Intestine lesion at 36 weeks in HSHF group. E. Intestine lesion at 48 weeks in HSHF group (×100).
Figure 4.
HE staining for histological examination of liver.
Figure 5.
HE staining for histological examination of pancreas and comparison of pancreas diameters.
A. Pancreas in SC group. B. Pancreas in 12 weeks in HSHF group. C. Pancreas in 24 weeks in HSHF group. D. Pancreas in 36 weeks in HSHF group. E. Pancreas in 48 weeks in HSHF group (HE staining, ×100). F. comparison of diameters of islet. a p<0.05 vs normal control; b p<0.05 vs 12th week group; c p<0.05 vs 24th week group; d p<0.05 vs 36th week group.
Table 3.
FFA in plasma, liver, pancreas and HYP in liver.
Figure 6.
A. Hepatology in 12 weeks in HSHF group. B. Hepatology in 24 weeks in HSHF group C. Hepatology in 36 weeks in HSHF group. D. Hepatology in 48 weeks in HSHF group (Sudan staining, ×100).
Figure 7.
A. pancreas in 12 weeks in HSHF group; B. pancreas in 24 weeks in HSHF group; C. pancreas in 36 weeks in HSHF group; D. pancreas in 48 weeks in HSHF group (Sudan staining, ×100).
Figure 8.
HE staining for histological examination of fat.
A. fat in SC group. B. fat in 12 weeks in HSHF group. C. fat in 24 weeks in HSHF group. D. fat in 36 weeks in HSHF group. E. fat in 48 weeks in HSHF group (HE staining, ×100). F. comparison of adipocyte areas. a p<0.05 vs normal control; b p<0.05 vs 12th week group; c p<0.05 vs 24th week group; d p<0.05 vs 36th week group.
Figure 9.
Observation of hepatocyte apoptosis.
A. Hepatic cell in SC group. B. Hepatic cell in 12 weeks in HSHF group. C. Hepatic cell in 24 weeks in HSHF group. D. Hepatic cell in 36 weeks in HSHF group. E. Hepatic cell in 48 weeks in HSHF group (HE staining, ×100). F. Percentage of apoptosis in liver(%)a p<0.05 vs normal control; b p<0.05 vs 12th week group; c p<0.05 vs 24th week group; d p<0.05 vs 36th week group.
Figure 10.
Observation of pancreas apoptosis.
A. Pancreas in SC group. B. Pancreas in 12 weeks in HSHF group. C. Pancreas in 24 weeks in HSHF group. D. Pancreas in 36 weeks in HSHF group. E. Pancreas in 48 weeks in HSHF group (HE staining, ×100). F. Percentage of apoptosis in pancreas(%).a p<0.05 vs normal control; b p<0.05 vs 12th week group; c p<0.05 vs 24th week group; d p<0.05 vs 36th week group.
Figure 11.
CD68 staining for adipose tissue.
A. Normal morphology of fat in standard chow group (×200). B. 12 weeks in HSHF group (×400). C. 24 weeks in HSHF group (×400). D. 36 weeks in HSHF group (×400). E. 48 weeks in HSHF group (×400). F. 48 weeks in perivascular in HSHF group (×200). G. Adipose macrophage infiltration of rats in each group. a p<0.05 vs normal control; b p<0.05 vs 12th week group; c p<0.05 vs 24th week group; d p<0.05 vs 36th week group.
Figure 12.
A. Normal morphology of fat in standard chow group (×100). B. 12 weeks in HSHF group. C. 24 weeks in HSHF group. D. 36 weeks in HSHF group. E. 48 weeks in HSHF group (×400). F. Pancreas macrophage infiltration of rats in each group. a p<0.05 vs normal control; b p<0.05 vs 12th week group; c p<0.05 vs 24th week group; d p<0.05 vs 36th week group.
Figure 13.
The protein expression of occludin in the intestine of rats.
Standard control group (SC), 12th week group (12w), 24th week group (24w), 36th week group (36w), 48th week group (48w). a p<0.05 vs standard control group.