Figure 1.
(A) Modified arthroscopic probe in which the tip was hooked and sharpened to a 2 mm internal length. (B) The distal MC3: D = dorsal, P = palmar, L = lateral, and M = medial.
A woven pattern of 4 dorso-palmar and 4 radial grooves created on the weight-bearing area of the lateral and medial condyles. Blue arrows represent the direction the instrument was introduced. Red and green rectangles represent the dorsal histologic slices centered over the groove areas and the palmar histologic slices in the continuity of the dorsal slices.
Figure 2.
Lameness evaluation with the inertial sensor-based system.
(A) Asymmetry of movement of the groove limb (red) as opposed to the sham limb (blue), measured by A1/A2. Mean ± SEM is shown. Asterisks represent significant differences between the groove and sham limbs (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.005). (B) Individual time-course of lameness measured by vector sum.
Table 1.
Median radiographic scores (± median absolute deviation) for groove and sham joints at weeks 0 and 10.
Figure 3.
Radiographic views of the MP joint of an individual at week 0 (A, B, C) and week 10 (D, E, F).
A and D show the latero-medial view, B and E show the 45-degree oblique view, and C and F show the dorso-palmar view. Grade 1 to 2 osteophytes (white arrows) and grade 1 sclerosis (white triangles) are visible.
Table 2.
Median macroscopic and microscopic scores (± median absolute deviation) for groove and sham joints at week 10.
Figure 4.
Macroscopic view of the articular cartilage surfaces at week 10 of the sham joints (left) and groove joints (right).
(A), (E) are the dorsal aspects of MC3; (B), (F) are the palmar aspects of MC3; (C), (G) are P1; and (D), (H) are PSB. Characteristic grade 2 wear lines (1), grade 3 erosions (2), grade 3 palmar arthrosis (OC lesions of the distal palmar aspect of MC3) (3), and surgical grooves (4).
Figure 5.
(A and B) Representative light micrographs of the dorsal MC3 condylar cartilage (hematoxylin and eosin stained) obtained from a groove joint at week 10 showing lesions of the non-calcified cartilage (red), calcified cartilage (blue), and subchondral bone (green).