Figure 1.
Spikes and phenotypes after mechanical threshing.
a Comparison of spikes between ZM9023 and Triticum aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao accession Q1028. b The phenotypes after mechanical threshing between ZM9023 and Triticum aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao accession Q1028 showed significant difference both in brittle rachis and threshability.
Figure 2.
Frequency distributions of the number of average spike rachis fragments.
RF2012 and RF2013 were obtained from crosses between Triticum aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao population Q1028×ZM9023 established in 2012 and 2013, respectively. P1: Q1028, P2: ZM9023. RILs: recombinant inbred lines. Mean: average value of the trait. N: the number of RILs.
Figure 3.
Frequency distributions of the percentage of completely threshed seeds from all seeds harvested.
FT2012 and FT2013 were obtained from crosses between Triticum aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao population Q1028×ZM9023 established in 2012 and 2013, respectively. P1: Q1028, P2: ZM9023. RILs: recombinant inbred lines. Mean: average value of the trait. N: the number of RILs.
Table 1.
Phenotypic values for brittle rachis and threshability in Triticum aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao population from accessions Q1028×ZM9023.
Table 2.
Correlation coefficients of brittle rachis and threshability in Triticum aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao population from accessions Q1028×ZM9023.
Figure 4.
Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for brittle rachis and threshability.
QTL detected on chromosome 2D in the Triticum aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao population from accessions Q1028×ZM9023. Marker positions are shown on the right of the linkage map, and distances between loci (in centimorgans, cM) are shown on the left. The vertical dashed line indicates the significance threshold (LOD = 2.5).
Figure 5.
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for brittle rachis. QTL detected on chromosome 3D in the Triticum aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao population from accessions Q1028×ZM9023.
Marker positions are shown on the right of the linkage map, and distances between loci (in centimorgans, cM) are shown on the left. The vertical dashed line indicates the significance threshold (LOD = 2.5).
Figure 6.
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for brittle rachis and threshability. QTL detected on chromosome 5A in the Triticum aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao population from accessions Q1028×ZM9023.
Marker positions are shown on the right of the linkage map, and distances between loci (in centimorgans, cM) are shown on the left. The vertical dashed line indicates the significance threshold (LOD = 2.5).
Table 3.
Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for threshability and brittle rachis identified in the Triticum aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao population from accessions Q1028×ZM9023 by using the inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM) analysis.
Figure 7.
Location of additive and epistatic quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for brittle rachis and threshability on linkage groups in joint analysis of the two-year data.
The chromosome names are listed on the left of the bar, the map distances (cM) are shown below the bar, and the markers are shown above the bar. The major additive loci are annotated in red color.
Table 4.
Epistases for brittle rachis and threshability in the Triticum aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao population from accessions Q1028×ZM9023.