Figure 1.
Linkage of data from Welsh Child Index of Multiple Deprivation with educational outcomes (under-attainment rate) at Lower Super Output Area level via Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) databank.
Table 1.
Core cut-off points for fuzzy sets to characterise “non-deprived” and “highly deprived” scores.
Figure 2.
Educational under-attainment rates (EUR) in each LSOA across Wales.
Figure 3.
The coefficients of the eight local linear models in the parsimonious constructed compact TS system model.
The rules are coded as W1 to W8 (see Table 2). Note that individual LSOAs have predicted values that are weighted averages of these 8 models, with the weights determined by the uncertainty of membership of the sub-regions.
Figure 4.
Properties of the coefficients of the eight selected “parsimonious” local linear models (LLMs).
Green square represents point estimate, and “x” marks upper and lower 95% confidence intervals. (IN- Income; HE- Health; AC- Access to Services; HO – Housing; EN – Physical Environment; CO- Community Safety).
Figure 5.
Map of Wales showing Lower Super Output Areas (LSOAs) coded according to the dominant rule at each LSOA that represents the relationship between deprivation domains and education under-attainment rate.
Table 2.
The eight most important “if-then” input components of the rules (W1∼W8) for the final TS fuzzy model.
Table 3.
Summary of coefficients of the local linear models in the constructed TS system model.
Figure 6.
Variations in Micro-impact of Domain (MiD).
Overall rates and directions of expected changes in education under attainment rate, for unit change in domain deprivation score.
Figure 7.
Highlighting key domains having strong association with educational performance (defined by largest MiD) across Wales.
Figure 8.
Variations in Contribution of Domain (CoD).
These values represent a product of the observed WCIMD deprivation scores, and the domain coefficient scores (MiD values) in each LSOA, and represents the contribution of each type of deprivation domain to the expected education under-attainment rate in each LSOA.