Figure 1.
Typical four images of stomach by double-contrast upper gastrointestinal barium X-ray radiography (UGI-XR).
(a) Normal stomach with no atrophic change of gastric mucosa. (b) Mild gastritis in which atrophic change mostly exists in gastric antrum and angle, accompanied with slightly enlarged irregular areae gastricae. (c) Moderate gastritis in which atrophic change extends from gastric antrum to body and/or fornix, accompanied with obviously enlarged irregular areae gastricae. (d) Severe gastritis in which atrophic change covers the entire stomach, accompanied with obscured small or even absent areae gastricae.
Figure 2.
Study flowchart of the present study.
Figure 3.
Relationship between the four grades of UGI-XR-based atrophic gastritis and the extent of endoscopy-based atrophic gastritis classified into seven categories according to the Kimura-Takemoto classification (C0 with no atrophic change and C1-O3 with various degrees of endoscopy-based atrophic change of gastric mucosa).
Figure 4.
Distribution of our proposed four types of atrophic gastritis by double-contrast upper gastrointestinal barium X-ray radiography (A: normal, B: mild, C: moderate, D: severe) with titer of serum Helicobacter pylori IgG (a) or serum pepsinogen I/II ratio (b).
Table 1.
Characteristics of the study subjects from the standpoint of atrophic gastritis diagnosed by double-contrast upper gastrointestinal barium X-ray radiography (UGI-XR-based atrophic gastritis).
Table 2.
Multivariate analysis of the 6,433 study subjects evaluating associations of the seven background factors with UGI-XR-based atrophic gastritis (atrophic gastritis diagnosed by double-contrast upper gastrointestinal barium X-ray radiography).
Table 3.
Comparison between the matched pairs of 227 subjects with chronic infection of H. pylori and after successful eradication of H. pylori, focusing on the presence of UGI-XR-based atrophic gastritis (atrophic gastritis diagnosed by double-contrast upper gastrointestinal barium X-ray radiography).
Table 4.
Comparison between the H. pylori-positive gastric acid suppressant (PPI or H2RA) users and H. pylori-positive gastric acid suppressant-free subjects, focusing on the presence of UGI-XR-based gastritis (gastritis diagnosed by double-contrast upper gastrointestinal barium X-ray radiography).