Fig 1.
Cyprideis species from Mataschen.
Differences in the hinge structure, outline and size between female C. kapfensteinensis, C. mataschensis and C. ex gr. pannonica. LV indicates left valves, RV indicates right valves.
Fig 2.
Geographic overview of the Pannonian Basin.
a) Geographic location of the Pannonian Basin b) Extension of Lake Pannon in the Pannonian Basin in the early Late Pannonian and location of the Mataschen clay pit.
Fig 3.
Section of the Mataschen clay pit.
Lithological column of the Mataschen clay pit and cut-out of the section comprising the high-resolution samples discussed herein (after Gross et al. 2011).
Fig 4.
Variables measured on each valve.
Left valve of a female C. mataschensis with a scheme of the variables measured on each valve.
Fig 5.
Example of the position of the control points along the outline.
Digitized and reconstructed outlines of a single female left valve of C. kapfensteinensis A. m1-m2: control points on the intersection of the axis of minimum moment of inertia and the outline; d1-d15: control points along the dorsal part of the outline; v1-v15: control points along the ventral part of the outline. red: control points; blue: outline generated by tpsDig; black: outline reconstructed by MORPHOMATICA.
Fig 6.
Length distributions of Cyprideis in Mataschen.
Histograms of the length distributions of the three Cyprideis species and the two morphotypes of C. kapfensteinensis.
Fig 7.
"Non-normalised" outlines of Cyprideis species calculated by MORPHOMATICA.
a) Digitized outlines of female left and right valves. b) Mean outlines calculated for each morphotype. LV: left valves; RV: right valves.
Fig 8.
Scatter plots of the nMDS indicating the dissimilarities between the digitized outlines.
a) Coordinates 1+2 for female left valves, b) Coordinates 1+2 for female right valves.
Fig 9.
Outlines of Cyprideis species "normalised for area".
a) Digitized outlines normalized for area. b) Calculated mean outlines of each morphotype normalized for area. LV: left valves; RV: right valves.
Fig 10.
Scatter plots of the nMDS indicating the dissimilarities between the normalized outlines.
a) Coordinates 1+2 for female left valves, b) Coordinates 1+3 for female left valves, c) Coordinates 1+2 for female right valves, d) Coordinates 1+3 for female right valves.
Fig 11.
CVA plot based on pseudo-landmarks for C. mataschensis, C. kapfensteinensis A, C. kapfensteinensis B and C. ex gr. pannonica.
a) Axis 1+2 for female left valves, b) Axis 1+3 for female left valves, c) Axis 1+2 for female right valves, d) Axis 1+3 for female right valves.
Fig 12.
Variation in size of female C. mataschensis and C. kapfensteinensis A throughout the section.
Range indicates total variation in size per sample.
Fig 13.
Mean outlines of C. kapfensteinensis A and B.
a) Mean outlines as computed from Morphomatica 1.6, b) Mean outlines rotated to a horizontal ventral margin.
Fig 14.
Variation in shape of female C. mataschensis and C. kapfensteinensis A and B throughout the section.
Fig 15.
Model for the possible origins of C. kapfensteinensis A and C. kapfensteinensis B.
Fig 16.
Comparison of C. kapfensteinensis A and B, and the two intermediate forms C. kapfensteinensis? A.
A, C) C. kapfensteinensis B: female left valve; B, D) C. kapfensteinensis B: female right valve; E, G) C. kapfensteinensis? A: female left valve; F, H) C. kapfensteinensis? A: female right valve; I, K) C. kapfensteinensis A: female left valve; J, L) C. kapfensteinensis A: female right valve. LV: left valves; RV: right valves.