Table 1.
Descriptive data for 29 FM patients and 31 HC, average values and range are presented.
Figure 1.
Example of one congruent and incongruent trial showing the fMRI set-up.
Stimuli were presented in Swedish, but the English translation is used here for illustrative purposes.
Figure 2.
Average normalized PPTs ± SEM during a) congruent and b) incongruent SCWT in FM patients and HC.
PPTs increased in both groups alike during congruent as well as incongruent SCWT. There were no statistically significant differences between congruent and incongruent SCWT regarding the modulation of PPTs. * = p<0.05, ** = p<0.01, *** = p<0.001. The normalization was performed as follows: each PPT value was divided with the individual’s first PPT at baseline and the curves were adjusted (by adding a coefficient) so that the baseline value always corresponded to 1.
Figure 3.
Average reaction times (s) ± SEM during congruent and incongruent SCWT.
FM patients had longer reaction times than controls in both conditions (congruent p = 0.027, incongr p = 0.005), but the difference was more pronounced during incongruent SCWT (p = 0.023).
Figure 4.
Main areas of interest representing cerebral activation when contrasting incongruent >congruent stimuli for FM patients (n = 23) and HC (n = 28) together.
Results are reported at p<0.05, FWE corrected for multiple comparisons. A: dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), B: posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), C: precuneus, D: cerebellum, E: Insula (bilateral) and F: dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC).
Table 2.
Representation of cerebral activation when contrasting incongruent >congruent stimuli for FM patients and HC together.
Figure 5.
Representation of cerebral activation when contrasting HC>FM for incongruent >congruent stimuli.
HC had significantly higher activation than FM patients in A) the caudate nucleus (p<0.0001, peak voxel) and B) the hippocampus (p<0.001, peak voxel). Results are reported a threshold setting of p<0.001, p values are at peak voxel, not corrected for multiple comparisons.
Table 3.
Representation of cerebral activation when contrasting HC>FM for incongruent >congruent stimuli.