Table 1.
ADC texture and histogram parameters of low- and high-grade gliomas.
Table 2.
ADC texture and histogram parameters of the grade II, III and IV gliomas.
Table 3.
ROC results for Entropy and the Fifth percentile of the ADC histogram for glioma grading (low- vs. high-grade).
Table 4.
ROC result for Entropy of ADC for glioma grading (Grade III vs. IV).
Figure 1.
The correlation study of the Ki-67 labeling index (A) with the entropy and (B) with the fifth percentile of ADC using a linear regression model.
The relationships were significant. (R2 = 0.1072, P = 0.039; R2 = 0.2150, P = 0.003, respectively). The tumor grades of the tissue specimens were marked as colored dots (blue = grade II, orange = grade III, red = grade IV).
Figure 2.
Images of a 43-year-old male with a grade II astrocytoma.
(A) T2-weighted image, (B) T2 FLAIR image, (C) T1-weighted image, (D) contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image, (E) ADC map with ROI placement, with the corresponding (E) 3-D height map of the ADC signal intensity, (G) histogram of ADC and (F) cumulative ADC histogram. The entropy value of ADC was 6.168.
Figure 3.
Images of a 30-year-old male with a grade III anaplastic astrocytoma.
(A) T2-weighted image, (B) T2 FLAIR image, (C) T1-weighted image, (D) contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image, (E) ADC map with ROI placement, with the corresponding (E) 3-D height map of the ADC signal intensity, (G) histogram of ADC and (F) cumulative ADC histogram. The entropy value of ADC was 6.792.
Figure 4.
Images of a 62-year-old male with a grade IV glioblastoma.
(A) T2-weighted image, (B) T2 FLAIR image, (C) T1-weighted image, (D) contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image, (E) ADC map with ROI placement, with the corresponding (E) 3-D height map of the ADC signal intensity, (G) histogram of ADC and (F) cumulative ADC histogram. The entropy value of ADC was 7.05.