Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics for BDI and ERSQ over Time.
Figure 1.
Path Diagram of the Bivariate Growth Curve Model.
ERSQ = Emotion-Regulation Skills Questionnaire, DASS = Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, SERSA = Successful Emotion Regulation Skills Application, DSS = Depressive Symptoms Severity, e = residual error, σ2 = variance, r = cross-construct error covariance (set equal across time); residual errors were allowed to covary across constructs within time to avoid bias due to variance related to specific assessment occasions and to increase model parsimony [80].
Figure 2.
Path Diagram of the Bivariate Latent Change Score Model.
ERSQ = Emotion-Regulation Skills Questionnaire, DASS = Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, SERSA = Successful Emotion Regulation Skills Application, DSS = Depressive Symptoms Severity, r = cross-construct error covariance, i = intercept, s = slope, γ = coupling parameter, β = proportion parameter, Δ = latent change score; for purpose of clarity, cross-construct error covariances are only shown for T4, but are also included for the other measurement points; error variances were set equal within constructs; loadings of growth factors and autoregressive proportions were set equal to one; proportion and coupling parameters were set equal across time within constructs; for model identification, means of errors and intercept of observed variables were set equal to zero [81], [89].
Table 2.
Fit indices of the models tested.
Table 3.
Correlations of ERSQtotal Score and the DASS Scales for Each Assessment Point.
Table 4.
Latent Growth Curve Model: Parameter Estimates for Intercepts, Slopes and Correlations of Slopes and Intercepts.
Table 5.
Bivariate Latent Change Score Model: Estimates of Regression Coefficients.
Table 6.
Bivariate LCS Models: Stepwise Test of Coupling Effects (Δ χ2/Δ df for comparisons with no-coupling model).