Figure 1.
Identification of a set of genes in blood associated with the frequent exacerbator phenotype; multivariate analysis using micro-array data 1 year follow up data (n = 106), followed by univariate analysis of 3 year follow up data (n = 46) and univariate analysis of a different population (n = 215) by PCR.
FE = frequent exacerbators; ZE = zero exacerbators.
Table 1.
Demographics of the COPD subjects for microarray analysis.
Table 2.
The 10 most highly regulated genes in sputum and blood from microarray analysis; a positive fold change = increase in frequent exacerbators compared to zero exacerbators, a negative fold change = decrease in frequent exacerbators compared to zero exacerbators.
Figure 2.
Venn diagram showing the number of differentially regulated genes in blood (fold change +/−1.5 and p<0.01) between frequent exacerbators (F), the intermediate group (I), and zero exacerbators (Z); for example, F vs I denotes number of differentially regulated genes between frequent exacerbators and the intermediate group.
Table 3.
GeneGo pathway mapping of the microarray data for the comparison of zero vs frequent exacerbators; the 5 most highly regulated pathways are shown.
Table 4.
Gene expression changes in the 6 gene panel identified by microarray analysis using the phenotype data after 1 year.
Table 5.
Demographics of the COPD subjects for PCR analysis.