Figure 1.
Mimics measurement of anatomical indices on two-dimensional extraforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (ELIF) and TLIF multi-planar rendered images.
(A) transverse view of a three-dimensional image; (B) measurement of the distance of the incision to the median line, the depth of the access approach, and the length of the pedicle screw; and (C) measurement of the length of the interbody fusion cage.
Figure 2.
Mimics simulation of extraforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.
(A) Three-dimensional reconstruction of the spinal column; (B) extraction of the L5 vertebral body and resection of the superior articular process; (C) exposure of the intervertebral space following resection of the superior articular process; (D) placement of the cage through the intervertebral foramen; (E) implantation of the pedicle screws.
Table 1.
L3-4 ELIF and TLIF anatomical measures.
Table 2.
L4-5 ELIF and TLIF anatomical measures.
Figure 3.
Mock L4-5 extraforaminal lumbar interbody fusion on cadaveric specimen.
(A) palpation of the L5 transverse process and exposure of the superior articular process toward the medial side with preservation of the L4 nerve root; (B) resection of the superior articular process, dissection of the intervertebral space, and implantation of the cage and pedicle screws; (C) assembly and fixation of the connect rod; and (D) closure of the incision.