Figure 1.
Sample map of newly assembled data.
Geographic location and labels of the oceanic stations sampled for acquiring new SSU rDNA sequences of individual planktonic foraminifera. Numbers next to labels correspond to the number of sequences obtained for each station. Dashed lines represent ship routes of cruises CMARZ (2006), FORCLIM7 (2009), GYRAFOR-A (2008), GYRAFOR-B (2007), OISO19 (2011) and REVELLE (2000).
Figure 2.
Patristic distances within and among genetic types of planktonic foraminifera.
Boxplot distribution of SSU genetic diversity (patristic distances, expressed as percent of nucleotide change) within each studied planktonic foraminiferal morpho-species. Central box represents the upper and lower quartiles; whiskers represent the extreme of the data with points exceeding Q3+1.5IQ or below Q1-1.5IQ (Q1: 1st quartile, Q3: 3rd quartile and IQ: Q3-Q1) considered as outliers; the central mark gives position of the median; numbers indicate the number of pairwise distances included in the distribution. Red boxes correspond to inter-genetic type distances, green boxes to intra-genetic type distances, blue boxes to intra-genomic distances and black boxes to overall genetic distances. A: Boxplot distribution using species delimitations and specimens identifications according to NBCI database and literature; B: boxplot distribution using species delimitations and specimens identifications according to ABGD and GMYC analyses.
Table 1.
Species delimitation according to the literature, literature delimitation checked by patristic distances, ABGD species delimitations and GMYC species delimitations.
Figure 3.
Ultrametric trees “Spinose A”, “Spinose B” and “Microperforate”with GMYC delimitations.
Delimitations are significant only for “Spinose A” (see Table 2). Colored branches correspond to GMYC clusters and outer circles correspond to the names of the morpho-species (outer arc) and plausible biological species (inner arc) (see Table 1). Symbols associated to specific colors indicate clones sequenced from the same individuals. For sequences accession numbers see Figure S1.
Figure 4.
Ultrametric trees “Non-spinose A” and “Non -spinose B” with GMYC delimitations.
Delimitations are significant for both trees (see Table 2). Colored branches correspond to GMYC clusters and outer circles correspond to the names of the morpho-species (outer arc) and plausible species (inner arc) (see Table 1). Symbols associated to specific colors indicate clones sequenced from the same individuals. For sequences accession numbers see Figure S1.
Table 2.
Characteristics of the ultrametric trees used for GMYC species delimitation.
Table 3.
Number of sequences analyzed in the different datasets.
Figure 5.
Geographic distribution of genetic types of Globigerinella siphonifera and Globigerinoides ruber.
Gray shading indicates the relative abundance of each morpho-species in planktonic foraminiferal assemblages from surface sediments, interpolated from data in the MARGO database [2], [79]. The species delimitations are according to the literature and the method noted in red in the left corners of the maps. The fourth map corresponds to a synthesis. Geographic location data from [9], [13], [16], [17], [29], [31], [32], [33], [36], [39], [45], [60], [80], [81].
Figure 6.
Geographic distribution of genetic types of Hirsutella hirsuta and Globigerinita glutinata.
Gray shading indicates the relative abundance of each morpho-species in planktonic foraminiferal assemblages from surface sediments, interpolated from data in the MARGO database [2], [79]. The species delimitations are according to the literature and the method noted in red in the left corners of the maps. For G. glutinata, only delimitations according to the ABGD method are reported as genetic type delimitation by the GMYC method lead non-significant results. Geographic location data from this study and from [13], [17], [16], [32], [81].
Figure 7.
Geographic distribution of genetic types of Pulleniatina obliquiloculata.
Gray shading indicates the relative abundance of the morpho-species in planktonic foraminiferal assemblages from surface sediments, interpolated from data in the MARGO database [2], [79]. The species delimitations are according to the literature and the method noted in red in the left corners of the maps. Geographic location data from [16], [19], [82].