Table 1.
Detailed description with geographic and socio-economic information of the sources of mosquito populations.
Table 2.
Name, class, and mode of action of all insecticides tested in this study.
Figure 1.
Global amount or activity of detoxification enzymes in Aedes albopictus larvae from field populations and the laboratory strain (ATM95): cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), Esterase (α and β-CCEs), and Glutathione-S transferases (GSTs).
Sample sizes are 47 specimens/population (15 for P450, n = 3). Confidence intervals are one standard deviation of the mean. An asterisk (*) denotes significantly up-regulated values compared to the susceptible reference strain ATM95, Tukey-Kramer test.
Table 3.
Resistance status of larvae Aedes albopictus.
Table 4.
Knock down times (min), Resistant ratio, and mortality rates (after 24 h) of Aedes albopictus after exposure to insecticides at the diagnostic doses (WHO tube test).
Figure 2.
Global amount or activity of detoxification enzymes in adult Aedes albopictus from field populations and the laboratory strain (ATM95): cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), Esterase (α and β-CCEs) and Glutathione-S transferases (GSTs).
Sample sizes are 47 specimens/population. Confidence intervals are one standard deviation of the mean. An asterisk (*) denotes significantly up-regulated values compared to the susceptible reference strain ATM95, Tukey-Kramer test.