Figure 1.
Targeted analyses generating “Absolute Quantitation” are shown in yellow. Global analyses generating “Relative Quantitation” are shown in green. Dotted arrows indicate samples and analyses from Study A used in our Follow-on Study B.
Figure 2.
Relative quantitation of HMOs.
Bar plots indicating the relative scaled intensities and Standard error of the mean (SEM) grouped according to feed. (FF vs. BF) and secretor status (BF Se+ vs. BF Se-); (for n, see Table 1). ‡LNnT measurement for breast milk (HM) as LNT, LNnT Isobar; Significant differences were assessed by Mann-Whitney U test where *p<0.05, **p<0.01, and ***p<0.001. Quantitative comparisons between sample matrices and between oligosaccharides cannot be made; quantitative comparisons between samples within a matrix and within individual oligosaccharides are valid.
Table 1.
2′FL/3FL ratios for breast milk.
Figure 3.
Absolute quantitation of HMOs.
Bar plots indicating mean concentrations (mg/L) and Standard error of the mean (SEM) of 2′FL and 6′SL grouped according to feed (FF vs. BF) and secretor status (BF Se+ vs. BF Se-); (for n, see Table 1). ‡6′SL not detected in any plasma samples in the Global analysis. Significant differences were assessed by Mann-Whitney U test where *p<0.05, **p<0.01, and ***p<0.001.
Table 2.
2′FL and 6′SL Concentrations According to Feed and Secretor Status and Relative to Breast Milk Concentration.
Figure 4.
Correlation of infant plasma and urine HMO levels with breast milk concentrations.
Scatter plots showing the association between individual HMO levels in breast milk and those in the corresponding infant plasma or urine.Pearson correlation statistics of log transformed data are inset. A: Absolute quantitation of 2′FL [Log (mg/L)]; B: Relative quantitation of 2′FL, 3FL, LNnT and LNFP I [Log (peak area)]. Solid lines represent best fit through the data points; (for n, see Table 2). (Plasma: black circles, Urine: white diamonds, Nonsecretor subject by 2′FL/3FL ratio: asterisk). NS, not significant.
Table 3.
HMO Urine and Plasma Level Correlations to Breast Milk Concentrations.