Figure 1.
Trap nests to collect solitary cavity-nesting Hymenoptera.
(A) Exposed trap nest in the Gutianshan National Nature Reserve, the type locality of Deuteragenia ossarium. (B) Occupied reed internodes containing nests are identifiable by the characteristic nest seal that, in most species, consists of soil material. (C) Opened nests reared in test tubes closed with cotton wool. Photographs: Michael Staab.
Figure 2.
Nest protection in Deuteragenia ossarium.
(A) Overview of a nest. Individual brood cells are separated by thin walls of soil material. (B) The nest is closed by a vestibular cell filled with dead ants. (C) Contents of a vestibular cell. Pachycondyla astuta was the ant species most commonly found, but other ant species, such as Polyrhachis illaudata Walker, 1859 (lowest ant specimen), occurred as well. (D) Freshly eclosed adult female of D. ossarium. Scale bar: (A) 15 mm, (B) 5 mm, (C, D) 10 mm. Photographs: Merten Ehmig (A, B), Michael Staab (C, D).
Table 1.
List of all sympatric cavity-nesting wasp species collected together with Deuteragenia ossarium.
Figure 3.
Parasitism rates of D. ossarium were significantly lower compared to other cavity-nesting was species.
The sympatric cavity-nesting wasp community is exemplified by Orancistrocerus drewseni (de Saussure, 1857) (Vespidae, lower left). As examples of parasitoid species Chrysis principalis Smith, 1874 (Chrysididae, top) and Leucospis sp. (Leucospidae, middle) are shown. Photographs: Michael Staab.
Table 2.
Summary statistics of the binomial glmm testing for the effect of group identity (other wasps/D. ossarium) and brood cell numbers on parasitism rates.
Figure 4.
Deuteragenia ossarium Ohl sp. nov., (A, B) female, holotype; (C–F) male, paratype (T1482).
(A, C) dorsal habitus, (B, D) right forewing, (E) head in frontal view, (F) genitalia in ventral view, slightly spread to show major elements. Scale bars: (A, C) 5.0 mm, (B, D) 2.0 mm, (E, F) 0.6 mm. Photographs: Bernhard Schurian (A–E), Birger Neuhaus (F).