Figure 1.
Exposure specific DMR set DNA sequence motifs using GLAM2 and the familial binding tree.
The forward (left) and reverse (right) sequences for each motif are presented. The consensus EDM2 motif is presented.
Figure 2.
EDM1 incidence in exposure specific epimutation data sets.
(A) Individual occurrence (percentage) of EDM1 in a variety of sets with transgenerational DMR and (B) relative change of EDM1 in these DMR. Columns with ** represent significant change with p<0.01, while columns with * represent significant change with p<0.05.
Figure 3.
EDM2 incidence in exposure epimutation data sets.
(A) Individual occurrence (percentage) of EDM2 in a variety of sets with transgenerational DMR and (B) relative change of EDM2 in these DMR. Columns with ** represent significant change with p<0.01, while columns with * represent significant change with p<0.05.
Figure 4.
Incidence of consensus motifs of known transcription factor binding sites in DMR from a variety of F3 generation exposure lineage sperm DNA.
Columns with (**) represent significant change with p<0.01, while columns with (*) represent significant change with p<0.05. For nearly significant changes p-values are shown in the respective column. Colored legend for specific exposure lineage DMR sets with total number indicated. The percentage incidence is indicated for the different transition factor sites.
Table 1.
Similarities of GLAM2 created motifs with known transcription factor for binding sites.
Figure 5.
Density of incidences of (A) EDM1 and (B) EDM2 in sets of transgenerational DMR.
The vinclozolin DMR, combination of plastics (BIP), pesticide (PIP), jet fuel (JIP) and dioxin (HIP) DMR, and a random set of genomic sites were investigated. The number of EDM1 or EDM2 sites per DMR is presented with the mean± SEM.
Figure 6.
Distribution of A/T string (WWWW) incidence across the transgenerational DMR sets.
The percent of DMR with A/T string sequences for all DMR (A), plastics (B), pesticides (C), dioxin (D), jet fuel (E), and vinclozolin (F) are presented compared to the random sequence data set.
Figure 7.
Distribution of G quadruplexes (GGGG) incidence across the transgenerational DMR sets.
The percent of DMR with G-quadruplexes of sequences for all DMR (A), plastics (B), pesticides (C), dioxin (D), jet fuel (E), and vinclozolin (F) are presented compared to the random sequence data set.
Figure 8.
Visualization of DNA motifs associated with epigenetic transgenerational inheritance in selected sets of sequences: (A) incidence of EDM1 and EDM2 in a set of confirmed DMR from vinclozolin-lineage and (B) incidence of EDM1 and EDM2 in a set of confirmed DMR from lineage originated from a variety of exposures listed.
The colored legend for EDM1 versus EDM2 motifs are presented.
Figure 9.
Location of EDM1, EDM2, G quadruplexes, A/T strings and CpG sites in selected DMR from the vinclozolin set: (A) KCNE2; (B) OLR 735; (C) GPR 33.
The colored legend for CpG, GGGG sequence, and A/T string is presented, with the blue box being the DMR, yellow box EDM2, and purple box EDM1.