Table 1.
List of primers used for validation of microarray data by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.
Figure 1.
Hierarchical clustering of differentially expressed genes in MDA-MB-231 cells following AhR knockdown.
(A) Illustration of the procedure used to examine differential gene expression following AhR knockdown. (B) Clusters of genes altered by AhR KD. Heat map reveals clusters of genes. Green indicates genes up-regulated compared to control cells and red indicates genes down-regulated compared to control cells.
Table 2.
Top 10 genes significantly up- or down-regulated in MDA-MB-231 cells following AhR KD.
Figure 2.
Validation of microarray data by qRT-PCR.
Differential gene expression from the microarrays analyses was confirmed by qRT-PCR of 10 selected genes using gene specific primers shown in Table 1. Data represents mean of triplicates, normalized to GAPDH, and presented as relative fold-change (RFC) of Clone 8 to that of Scr-control cells.
Table 3.
Functional enrichment of GO biological processes following AhR knockdown in MDA-MB-231 cells (C8).
Table 4.
Functional enrichment of KEGG pathway analysis following AhR knockdown in MDA-MB-231 cells.
Table 5.
List of genes related to phenotypic changes observed following AhR knockdown in MDA-MB-231 cells.
Figure 3.
Subnetwork of functional interactions of AhR-target networks.
Initial nodes were populated with differential expressed genes. Circles represent genes of AhR targets, while diamonds represent linker genes.
Figure 4.
KYNU expression in the Scr-control and Clone 8 cells following treatment with 1 nM TCDD, 10 µM diindolylmethane (DIM) or 0.1% DMSO for 16 h.
KYNU expression measured at the mRNA level by RT-PCR (A) and protein level by immunoblot analysis (B) in the presence of vehicle control DMSO or AhR exogenous ligands TCDD and DIM for 16 hrs. Bar graphs are mean ± s.d. from three independent experiments (*p<0.05; **p<0.01). (C) Experimental summary of different treatments relative to DMSO-treated Scr-control cells.
Figure 5.
A schematic model depicting how reduction of AhR can alter the expression of genes responsible for promoting or inhibiting cancer progression.
Reduced AhR expression directly or indirectly alters the expression of genes regulating tumor growth and survival, favoring a state that opposes tumor progression.