Figure 1.
Set-up to visualize the mouse retina: retinal morphology, layer composition and OCT reflectivity profile (A–F).
Illustrative representation of the mouse placed in front of the Spectralis camera (A). Mouse fundus native image at 513 nm (B) and retinal angiography image following fluorescein dye injection using a barrier filter at 488 nm (C). Retinal layer composition by means of an OCT horizontal scan through the optic disc (asterisk) and schematic depiction of the 10 longitudinal adjacent pixel lines from which reflectivity profiles were extracted (D). Blow up of a section from the OCT scan indicating the retinal layers (E). Corresponding OCT reflectivity profiles from “D” and assignation to the different OCT bands as well as correlation with histology (G). Abbreviations: GCL, ganglion cell layer; IPL, inner plexiform layer; INL, inner nuclear layer; OPL, outer plexiform layer; ONL, outer nuclear layer; I/OS, inner/outer segment border; RPE, retinal pigmented epithelium.
Figure 2.
Retinal imaging and OCT reflectivity profiles of two control lines.
Fundus native imaging at 514(A, D), horizontal OCT scan (B, E) and OCT reflectivity profiles were acquired from C57BL/6 pigmented (A–C) and BALB/c non pigmented mice (D–F).
Figure 3.
Retinal imaging and OCT reflectivity profile in gerbils.
Native fundus image at 514(A). Using fluorescein angiography a characteristic ramification of the capillary net along the visual streak can be observed (B). OCT scan through the visual streak reveals changes in the layering in comparison to the rest of the retina (C). OCT reflectivity profile from 10 longitudinal adjacent lines at the level of the visual streak and correlation to the retinal layers (D). Overlay of the OCT reflectivity profiles extracted from the visual streak (blue) versus the non visual streak regions (grey) (E). Histological work-up showing structural differences between the visual streak (blue) and other retinal areas (grey) (F).
Figure 4.
Retinal imaging and OCT reflectivity profile in cynomolgus monkeys and comparison to humans.
SLO native fundus imaging in non-human primates (A, D) and one of the researcher’s eye (G). The solid bar indicates the origin of the OCT scan. A representative OCT scan taken from the ventral retina (B), the fovea of the non-human primate (F) and the researcher’s eye, (H). OCT reflectivity profiles from B, F and H were extracted and assigned to the retinal layers of cynomolgus monkeys fovea and extrafoveal regions (F and C, respectively) and the human fovea (I).
Figure 5.
Comparison between the NFL appearance in cynomolgus monkeys and humans by means of OCT reflectivity profiles.
Retinal thickness profile map of a cynomolgus monkey indicates where the thickest areas of the retina are located to, presumably due to the abundance of nerve fibers (A). SLO imaging in one of the researcher’s eye (D). Retinal layering via OCT imaging was performed across the central retina in cynomolgus monkeys (B) and compared to that of humans (E). OCT reflectivity profiles from a region rich in nerve fibers were acquired from cynomolgus monkeys (C) and that of human (F).
Figure 6.
Comparison of retina layer composition and OCT reflectivity profile after a gene therapy approach in the Cngb1 knock-out mouse.
Representative OCT sections of the untreated eye (A), treated (C) in the Cngb1 knock-out mouse and in a C57BL6 control mouse (E). OCT reflectivity profiles from the untreated eye (B), treated (D) and control (F).