Table 1.
Summary of findings for the severity of clinical disease of children with viral co-infections versus single respiratory acute illnesses.
Figure 1.
Selection of studies for the qualitative and quantitative analyses.
n = number.
Table 2.
Characteristics of observational studies included in the qualitative analysis.
Table 3.
Risk of bias review of included studies using an adapted version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.
Figure 2.
Meta-analysis of the length of stay, by age groups (infants, preschool children, children, adults and adults and children) between patients with viral coinfections and single viral infections.
A value less than zero indicates a shorter length of hospital stay (number of days). in patients co-infected with more than virus (favors co-infection). CI = confidence interval, df = degrees of freedom. Age groups: Infants 0–23 months of age, Preschool children 0–59 months of age and Children 0–17 years old.
Figure 3.
Meta-analysis of mortality between patients with viral co-infections and single viral infections by age groups (infants, preschool children, children, adults and adults and children).
A value higher than one indicates a higher mortality in patients co-infected with more than virus (favors single infection). CI = confidence interval, df = degrees of freedom. Age groups: Infants 0–23 months of age, Preschool children 0–59 months of age and Children 0–17 years old.