Figure 1.
PRISMA flow diagram [13].
Table 1.
Risk-of-bias assessment was performed using a six-item scoring for description and validity of key information for the research question of this study and risk-of-bias.
Figure 2.
A best-evidence-synthesis was performed for each abnormality described in studies with satisfactory risk-of-bias.
[16] Consistency was defined as ≥50% of the studies showed either a negative or positive effect of the primary outcome between AIS cases and healthy adolescents.
Table 2.
Overview of articles identified in this study on neuromuscular concomitant abnormalities, sorted per category and ranked by risk-of-bias.
Table 3.
Overview of articles identified in this study on anthropometic concomitant abnormalities, sorted per category and ranked by risk-of-bias.
Table 4.
Overview of articles identified in this study on metabolic concomitant abnormalities, sorted per category and ranked by risk-of-bias.
Figure 3.
Level of evidence is shown for all associated and non-associated abnormalities that were identified in this systematic review.
Level of evidence was determined using a best-evidence-synthesis. AIS = adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
Table 5.
All identified abnormalities are presented.