Table 1.
Means, ranges, variances, and coefficients of variation (CVs) for palm oil fatty acid composition and iodine value in the E. guineensis intraspecific cross LM2T x DA10D.
Table 2.
Individual Pearson's correlation coefficients for fatty acid proportions and iodine value (IV) in the E. guineensis intraspecific cross LM2T x DA10D.
Table 3.
Principal component analysis of five main fatty acid composition traits in both intraspecific cross LM2T x DA10D and interspecific pseudo-backcross SA569.
Figure 1.
Principal component analysis (PCA) of palm oil fatty acid proportions of C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, C18:1 and C18:2 in the intraspecific cross LM2T x DA10D and in the interspecific pseudo-backcross SA569.
Note: the figure show projections on the two first axes of the PCA.
Figure 2.
Sixteen QTLs of palm oil fatty acid proportions and iodine value identified in the E. guineensis cross LM2T x DA10D, located on the consensus linkage map in oil palm (Eg_Map) of Billotte et al. [36] and compared to the QTL map for same traits published by Montoya et al. [27] in the interspecific Elaeis pseudo-backcross SA569.
Note: Each microsatellite linkage map has 16 linkage groups corresponding to the 16 homologous pairs of chromosomes of the Elaeis genome. The E. guineensis Eg_Map (253 loci) is sharing 156 marker loci in common and good co-linearity with the linkage map of the pseudo-backcross SA569 (362 loci). The QTLs were identified by the Kruskal-Wallis, IM and MQM methods. One star (*) or two stars (**): QTL detected by the MQM method at the genome-wide α threshold value of 5% or 1% respectively. No star: putative QTL as only detected by the Kruskall-Wallis test at p<0.005. The names and the positions (cM) of the markers are given on the right side of the linkage groups. mEgCIRxxxx and mEgESTxxxx: E. guineensis SSR loci. sEgOPGPxxxx: E. guineensis gene SNP loci. mCnCIRxxxx: Cocos nucifera SSR loci. Marker loci common to both maps are indicated by an extension “_R”. The names, positions and confidence regions of the QTLs are given on the left side of the linkage groups. In red: are figured the QTLs of saturated fatty acid proportion; in blue: the QTLs of unsaturated fatty acid proportion and of iodine value.
Table 4.
List of QTLs identified by the Kruskal-Wallis method (at p<0.005) and by the interval mapping (IM) and/or multiple-QTL Model (MQM) methods for fatty acid composition in the cross LM2Tx DA10D.
Figure 3.
Effects of E. guineensis versus E. oleifera QTL alleles on the palm oil fatty acid composition, estimated by Montoya et al. [27] from the interspecific pseudo-backross SA569.
Note: the QTL marker loci were used to perform an ANOVA test (type III, post hoc test of Tukey at α = 0.05) to estimate the mean effects of the parent QTL marker alleles on the mean of each phenotypic trait. For the hybrid parent SA65T, the species origin of the QTL marker alleles were identified, and the allelic effects at the QTL were therefore estimated by contrast of E. oleifera (grand-parent SA49D) against E. guineensis (grand-parent LM2466P).