Table 1.
Samples of wild ducks to test for ALV-J.
Table 2.
ALV-J strains used in the construction of phylogenetic trees.
Figure 1.
Identification of 7 ALV-J isolates by PCR (A, primer pair H5/H7; B, primer pair H5/AD1) and AC-ELISA (C).
Uninfected DF-1 cells served as the negative control. DF-1 cells infected with Rous-associated virus type 1 (subgroup A) served as the positive control for PCR with primer pair H5/AD1. DF-1 cells infected with HPRS-103 served as the positive control for PCR, with primer pair H5/H7, and AC-ELISA.
Figure 2.
Phylogenetic analysis of the env gene nucleotide sequences from the ALV-J isolates and reference strains.
The tree was constructed on the basis of the minimum-evolution method using MEGA 4.0 software. Bootstrap values were calculated with 1,000 replicates of the alignment. The two groups are marked. The circles represent the wild bird ALV-J isolates. The solid triangles represent the broiler ALV-J isolates. The hollow triangles represent the layer ALV-J isolates. The solid inverted triangles represent the Chinese local chicken ALV-J isolates. Triangles represent the layer ALV-J isolates. The solid square represents HPRS-103, the prototype strain of ALV-J. The hollow squares represent the American ALV-J strains from meat-type chickens.
Figure 3.
Phylogenetic analysis of the 3′UTR nucleotide sequences from the ALV-J isolates and reference strains.
The circles represent the wild bird ALV-J isolates. The solid triangles represent the broiler ALV-J isolates. The hollow triangles represent the layer ALV-J isolates. The solid inverted triangles represent the Chinese local chicken ALV-J isolates. Triangles represent the layer ALV-J isolates. The solid square represents HPRS-103, the prototype strain of ALV-J. The hollow squares represent the American ALV-J strains from meat-type chickens.
Figure 4.
Comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the E elements.
The dots indicate identical residues, while the letters indicate base substitutions. The dashes indicate gaps produced in the alignment.