Figure 1.
Karyotypes of Astyanax paranae from the Capivara River after conventional staining (A), C-banding (B), and double FISH with 5S and 18S rDNA probes (C) and 18S rDNA and H1 histone (D).
Ag-NORs are represented in the box. Bar = 10 µm.
Figure 2.
Metaphases of Astyanax paranae from the Capivara River after double-FISH with 5S rDNA and H1 histone (A), H1 and H3 histone (B), H1 and H4 histone (C), Rex1 and 18S rDNA (D), Rex3 and 18S rDNA (E) and after chromosome painting with µBm-probe (F).
Bar = 10 µm.
Figure 3.
Ideogram of Astyanax paranae from the Capivara River showing the main cytogenetic markers localisation used in this paper.
In the box, a summary of the FISH markers and chromosome painting associated with B chromosome in chromosomes 2, 23, Bm and Bsm.
Table 1.
Nucleotide diversity (π) for the DNA sequences analysed, and Student (t) tests comparing A chromosome (0B-gDNA) and microdissected B chromosome (µB) sequences.
Table 2.
Number of synonymous and non-synonymous substitutions per synonymous (dS) and non-synonymous (dN) site, respectively, observed in the DNA sequences of the H1 and H3 histone genes obtained from 0B genomic DNA (0B-gDNA) and B microdissected DNA (µB).
Figure 4.
Maximum likelihood tree built with the concatenated ITS rDNA sequences.
The sequences were obtained from the microdissected B chromosomes, gDNA from 0B A. paranae individuals, and gDNA from A. bockmanni, A. fasciatus and A. altiparanae (Aalti) specimens. Note the high similarity of the B chromosome sequences (uBpar) and the sequences obtained from 0B-gDNA in A. paranae (Apar) and A. bockmanni (Abock), and the lower similarity to those from A. fasciatus (Afasc).
Figure 5.
Species tree built with the histone genes and ITS regions by BEAST.
Note that the DNA sequences of A. paranae obtained from the microdissected B chromosomes (µB-DNA) are most similar to those in the host genome (0B-gDNA).