Table 1.
Sample Characteristics.
Figure 1.
The block-design monetary reward task employed in the current study.
Participants were instructed to guess whether a number was low or high and to respond to win outcomes.
Figure 2.
Alcohol dependent adults exhibited less response to monetary win vs. loss than healthy adults in three prefrontal regions—the medial prefrontal cortex (top right panel), the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (bottom panel, left boxplot), and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (bottom panel, right boxplot)—as well as the ventral striatum (top left).
Boxplots illustrate findings by depicting mean BOLD response across the entire indicated functional cluster for each region, by group.
Table 2.
Differences in Function of Reward Circuitry between Adults with Alcohol Dependence and Healthy Control Adults.
Figure 3.
Alcohol dependent adults exhibited stronger negative functional connectivity than healthy adults between the bilateral nucleus accumbens and the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (left), medial prefrontal cortex (center), and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (right) during the receipt of monetary reward.
Boxplots illustrate findings by depicting mean functional connectivity across the entire indicated functional cluster for each region, by group.
Figure 4.
Alcohol dependent adults with a family history of alcohol use disorders exhibited less medial prefrontal response to monetary win vs. loss.
The boxplot illustrates findings by depicting mean BOLD response across the entire indicated functional cluster, by family history group.
Table 3.
Association of Alcohol Dependent Adults' Drinking Characteristics with Function in Reward Circuitry.
Figure 5.
Alcohol dependent adults with more frequent alcohol use exhibited stronger negative connectivity between the bilateral nucleus accumbens and the medial prefrontal cortex and medial orbitofrontal cortex during the receipt of monetary reward.
The scatterplot illustrates findings by depicting mean functional connectivity across the entire indicated mPFC functional cluster (y axis) in relation to frequency score (x axis).