Table 1.
Effect of temperature on percentage and rate of germination of S. sclerotiorum ascospores on lettuce leaves after 10 h (after Young et al. [18]).
Figure 1.
Fitted relationships used in the S. sclerotiorum infection and disease development model in lettuce derived for A) temperature and mean rate of S. sclerotiorum spore germination h−1; B) S. sclerotiorum ascospore suspension concentration (spores ml−1) applied to lettuce plants and mean final spore density (cm−2) measured on leaves; C) mean S. sclerotiorum ascospore density (cm−2) and effective number of infections; D) effective number of S. sclerotiorum infections and mean disease development time (days to first symptoms); E) temperature and mean S. sclerotiorum disease development time (days) and F) temperature and relative S. sclerotiorum disease development time. Points represent observed data, lines represent fitted functions. Error bars are the standard error of the mean (three replicates).
Figure 2.
Effect of S. sclerotiorum spore density on disease development in lettuce at 20°C and 85% RH.
Points represent observed data, lines represent fitted functions. Error bars are the standard error of the mean (three replicates).
Figure 3.
Effect of relative humidity (RH) on S. sclerotiorum disease development in lettuce at 20°C.
Points represent observed data, lines represent fitted functions. Error bars are the standard error of the mean (three replicates).
Figure 4.
Effect of relative humidity (RH) on effective number of S. sclerotiorum infections.
Points represent observed data, lines represent fitted functions. Error bars are the standard error of the mean (three replicates).
Figure 5.
Observed and modelled S. sclerotiorum disease development in lettuce at A) 100% RH, 20°C (RMSE = 23.3) and 60% RH at B) 25°C (RMSE = 61.6), C) 20°C (RMSE = 19.7), D) 15°C (RMSE = 100.8), E) 10°C (RMSE = 53.0) and F) 7°C (RMSE = 116.5).
Points represent observed data, lines represent model. Error bars are the standard error of the mean (three replicates).
Figure 6.
Observed and modelled S. sclerotiorum disease development in lettuce at A) 100% RH (RMSE = 51.8), 20°C and 80% RH at B) 25°C (RMSE = 59.4), C) 20°C (RMSE = 54.3), D) 15°C (RMSE = 15.0), E) 10°C (RMSE = 81.8)and F) 7°C (RMSE = 57.5).
Points represent observed data, lines represent model. Error bars are the standard error of the mean (three replicates).
Figure 7.
Observed and modelled S. sclerotiorum disease development in lettuce at A) 30°C (RMSE = N/A), B) 25°C (RMSE = 37.9), C) 20°C (RMSE = 29.0), D) 15°C (RMSE = 65.4), E) 10°C (RMSE = 48.2) and F) 7°C (RMSE = 27.3).
Points represent observed data, lines represent model. Error bars are the standard error of the mean (three replicates).