Table 1.
Characteristics of trials comparing virtual reality therapy to conventional therapy in adults post-stroke.
Figure 1.
Four-phase PRISMA flow-diagram for study collection [24], showing the number of studies identified, screened, eligible, and included in the review and analysis.
Table 2.
Studies that meet the criteria of the PEDro scale.
Table 3.
Demographic statistics for the included studies.
Figure 2.
Body function outcomes in VE studies.
The funnel plot (top) for body function outcomes showing effect-sizes (G) as a function of precision (standard error) in each virtual environment study. The forest plot (bottom) showing the effect-sizes and 95% confidence intervals for each study and the summary effect-size from the random-effects model. Positive values show a difference in favour of VE therapy. Negative values show a difference in favour of CT. Abbreviations: VE, virtual environments; RE, random effects.
Figure 3.
Body function outcomes in CG studies.
The funnel plot (top) for body function outcomes showing effect-sizes (G) as a function of precision (standard error) in each commercial gaming study. The forest plot (bottom) showing the effect-sizes and 95% confidence intervals for each study and the summary effect-size from the random-effects model. Positive values show a difference in favour of CG therapy. Negative values show a difference in favour of CT. Abbreviations: CG, commercial gaming; RE, random effects.
Figure 4.
Activity outcomes in VE studies.
The funnel plot (top) for activity outcomes showing effect-sizes (G) as a function of precision (standard error) in each virtual environment study. The forest plot (bottom) shows the effect-sizes and 95% confidence intervals for each study and the summary effect-size from the random-effects model. Positive values show a difference in favour of VE therapy. Negative values show a difference in favour of CT. Abbreviations: RE, random effects.
Figure 5.
Activity outcomes in CG studies.
The funnel plot (top) for activity outcomes showing effect-sizes (G) as a function of precision (standard error) in each commercial gaming study. The forest plot (bottom) shows the effect-sizes and 95% confidence intervals for each study and the summary effect-size from the random-effects model. Positive values show a difference in favour of CG therapy. Negative values show a difference in favour of CT. Abbreviations: CG, commercial gaming; RE, random effects.
Figure 6.
Participation outcomes in VE studies.
The funnel plot (top) for participation outcomes showing effect-sizes (G) as a function of precision (standard error) in each study. The forest plot (bottom) shows the effect-sizes and 95% confidence intervals for each study and the summary effect-size from the random-effects model. Positive values show a difference in favour of VE therapy. Negative values show a difference in favour of CT. Abbreviations: VE, virtual environments; RE, random effects.