Figure 1.
Time series of axial DCE-MRI for FUS-induced BBB-D in brain tumors before and after Gd-DTPA administration.
Relative to the control tumor in the left hemispheres, rat 1 and rat 2 show serial contrast changes in the right sonicated brain tumors (arrows) 20 min and 24 h after sonication, respectively.
Figure 2.
Gd-DTPA concentration as estimated from the ROI in the brain tumor 20 min and 24 h after sonication, ipsilateral brain, and contralateral normal brain.
Figure 3.
EB extravasation for brain tumors with and without sonication.
(A) Distribution of BBB-D in the right brain tumor at 3 h (left column) and at 27 h (right column) after sonication (arrows). Left brain tumor received no sonication as the control tumor. (B) Amount of EB in the control tumor and the sonicated tumor at 3 h and 27 h after FUS exposure. * and # denote significant differences compared with the ipsilateral brain and the tumor, respectively (*,#P<0.05; n = 3).
Table 1.
Quantitative kinetic parameters estimated from DCE-MRI.
Figure 4.
Representative sample of tumors with and without FUS exposure by T1-weighted MR images and hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections on day 8 after implantation.
Rat 1 and rat 2 show contrast changes and histology in the right sonicated brain tumors 20&E staining for the whole brain slices. Arrows indicate the brain tumor regions.
Figure 5.
Schematic of the FUS system setup for BBB disruption in rats.
Figure 6.
Experimental time line for FUS exposure and the MRI procedure.
Fifteen seconds after UCA administration, the sonication was performed before MRA and DCE-MRI scanning.
Table 2.
MRI parameters used in this study.