Figure 1.
Adipogenic differentiation of cultured human primary subcutaneous white adipocye precursor cells.
(a) After differentiation cells were fixed and stained with oil red-O; images shown are 10x magnification. (b) Lipid content was measured by quantification of oil red-O staining (absorbance at 495 nm) (n = 4). After differentiation cells were treated with vehicle (Veh, PBS) or 0.5 mM N6,2′-O-Dibutyryladenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (db-cAMP) for 6 hours, and glycerol secretion into media was measured to determine rates of lipolysis. Glycerol secretion increased significantly with db-cAMP compared to vehicle treatment, but there was no difference between groups (*P<0.05 db-cAMP vs veh, n = 5).
Figure 2.
Post-differentiation expression of genes representing general adipogenesis (PPARG, FABP4; yellow highlight), general browning and thermogenesis (PPARGC1A; red highlight), white adipogenesis (HOXC9, RB1; white highlight), beige adipogenesis (CITED1, CD137, TBX1, TMEM26; beige highlight) and/or brown adipogenesis (ZIC1, LHX8; brown highlight) in cultured human primary subcutaneous white adipocye precursor cells.
(a) Fold-change in expression of indicated genes post-differentiation compared with pre-differentiation (pre-differentiation expression level normalized to 1.0). (b) Fold-change in expression of indicated genes in differentiated cells after 6 h treatment with 0.5 mM db-cAMP compared with vehicle (PBS) (vehicle expression level normalized to 1.0). (n = 5, *P<0.05 pre- vs post-differentiation; #P<0.05 vehicle vs db-cAMP treatment).
Figure 3.
Fold-change in UCP1 protein content post-differentiation compared with pre-differentiation (n = 4, L; Lean, O; Obese; *P<0.05 vs pre-differentiation, † P<0.05 vs Obese post-differentiation, pre-differentiation normalized to 1.0).