Figure 1.
Geographical distributions of the 34 sampled populations used in this study.
Detailed information on the populations is given in Table S1. Pie charts suggest the STRUCTURE-derived ancestry of each population based on the coloring used in Figure 3.
Table 1.
Summary of polymorphisms for the studied loci.
Figure 2.
Parsimony networks of haplotypes of Ipomoea pes-caprae from 7 nuclear loci.
Each circle shows different haplotypes and each color represents haplotypes from different geographical regions. Red represents haplotypes of subsp. pes-caprae. Brown, orange, yellow, green, and blue represent subsp. brasiliensis from the Indian Ocean, West Pacific, East Pacific, West Atlantic, and East Atlantic, respectively.
Figure 3.
STRUCTURE analysis of Ipomoea pes-caprae populations based on 7 nuclear markers.
Vertical bars represent the membership coefficients (Q) of individual plants when K = 3. The horizontal axes correspond to the regional grouping of populations. Left to right: subsp. pes-caprae, Indian Ocean, West Pacific, East Pacific, West Atlantic and East Atlantic regions. Numbers on the upper side designate the population numbers as shown in Figure 1 and Table S1.
Figure 4.
Number of migrants per generation (Nm) between different regional populations.
Nm were calculated by a Bayesian method implementation in MIGRATE-N. Regional populations used are East Pacific (EP), West Atlantic (WA), East Atlantic (EA), Indian Ocean (IO), and West Pacific (WP).
Table 2.
Bayesian estimates of genetic diversity (θ), Migration rates (M) and number of migrants per generation (Nm) obtained by MIGRATE-N.