Figure 1.
Experimental setting for ex-vivo imaging of anterior chamber outflow in porcine eyes.
A needle attached to a constant pressure perfusion system, whose flow is measured by the flow recorder, is inserted between the lens and iris in the posterior chamber. 12 OCT scans (red box) were taken along the limbus of the eye(red arrow). Dashed lines shows the equipment indicated by the boxes.
Figure 2.
Determining optimal GNR concentration.
(A–E) Doppler OCT cross-sectional images of non-flowing gold nanorods (GNR) at (A) 0.3, (B) 0.4, (C) 0.5, (D) 0.7 and (E) 1.0×1012 GNRs/mL. The grayscale mapping represents the detected flow towards or away from the OCT scanning beam, centered on 0 mm/s (gray). (F) GNR enhanced saline flowing in a glass tube with a concentration of 1.0×1012 GNRs/mL. The color map represents flow towards (red), away (blue) and stationary (black) relative to the OCT scanning beam. (D–F) shows the ability to get Doppler signal with a tube radius of up to 0.32 mm. The red circle corresponds to the outline of the inner surface of the tube. Blue and red corresponded to flow away and towards the probe, respectively. The area of hyper reflective convex arch within F is an imaging artifact.
Figure 3.
Assessing Doppler velocity measurement.
Angle corrected velocity profile acquired within a glass capillary tube containing 1.0×1012 gold nanorods/mL with the computed velocity profile overlain in red.
Figure 4.
Structural and Doppler OCT scans of the outflow pathway in porcine eyes perfused with (A–B) mock aqueous (control, Aq) and (C–D) 1×1012 gold nanorods/mL with mock aqueous (GNR+Aq). (E) Merged structural and Doppler scan corresponding to the location in the green box. Red and blue corresponds to flow away and towards the probe, respectively. (F) Velocity profile of the Doppler scans in the location corresponding to the red dotted lines.
Figure 5.
Adjacent B-scan images containing the vessels of interest are identified and marked (dashed white line) to determine the centroid. A line (white line) was fitted through the centroid to determine the angle of the vessel, θ, with respect to the OCT imaging beam (blue arrow). This allows us to integrate the flow within the Doppler information (red) and correct for the angle of flow with respect to the OCT scanning beam.