Table 1.
Total body, kidney, and heart weight with organ to body ratio.
Figure 1.
Effect of treatment with vehicle+vehicle (VEH+VEH), vehicle+celecoxib (VEH+CEL), misoprostol+misoprostol (MISO+MISO), or misoprostol+celecoxib (MISO+CEL) on sodium excretion rate.
*p<0.05, significantly different from baseline. ¶p<0.05, significantly different from day 2. #p<0.05, significantly different from VEH+VEH. +p<0.05, comparison of VEH+CEL group with MISO+CEL group.
Figure 2.
Effect of treatment with vehicle+vehicle (VEH+VEH), vehicle+celecoxib (VEH+CEL), misoprostol+misoprostol (MISO+MISO), or misoprostol+celecoxib (MISO+CEL) on potassium excretion rate.
*p<0.05, significantly different from baseline. ¶p<0.05, significantly different from day 2. #p<0.05, significantly different from VEH+VEH. ‡p<0.05, comparison of MISO+MISO group with MISO+CEL group.
Table 2.
Sodium and potassium plasma levels on day 10.
Figure 3.
Effect of treatment with vehicle+vehicle vehicle (VEH+VEH), vehicle+celecoxib (VEH+CEL), misoprostol+misoprostol (MISO+MISO), or misoprostol+celecoxib (MISO+CEL) on KIM-1 concentration.
*p<0.05, significantly different from baseline. ¶p<0.05, significantly different from day 2. #p<0.05, significantly different from placebo. ¥p<0.05, significantly different from day 3.
Figure 4.
Effect of treatment with vehicle+vehicle (VEH+VEH), vehicle+celecoxib (VEH+CEL), misoprostol+misoprostol (MISO+MISO), or misoprostol+celecoxib (MISO+CEL) on aldosterone concentrations.
The values were not significantly different, p>0.05.
Figure 5.
Effect of treatment with vehicle+vehicle (VEH+VEH), vehicle+celecoxib (VEH+CEL), misoprostol+misoprostol (MISO+MISO), or misoprostol+celecoxib (MISO+CEL) on BUN.
The values were not significantly different, p>0.05.
Figure 6.
Effect of treatment with vehicle+vehicle (VEH+VEH), vehicle+celecoxib (VEH+CEL), misoprostol+ misoprostol (MISO+MISO), or misoprostol+celecoxib (MISO+CEL) on cTnI.
*p<0.05, significantly different from baseline. #p<0.05, significantly different from VEH+VEH.
Table 3.
Blood pressure parameters measured on day 9.
Figure 7.
Kidney sections (40X) from vehicle+vehicle group showing glomeruli (*) and normal tubules (arrow) without dilation or necrosis.
(A), vehicle+celecoxib group showing areas of moderate tubule necrosis (arrowhead) and mild tubule dilatation (arrow) (B), misoprostol+misoprostol group showing mild tubular dilatation (arrow) without necrosis (more normal tubules are seen to the right of the photomicrograph) (C), misoprostol+celecoxib group showing a large area of marked tubule necrosis (arrowhead) with relative sparing of the glomeruli (*), and moderate tubular dilation (arrow) (D).
Table 4.
Assessment of tubular necrosis and dilatation.
Figure 8.
Cross section (40X) of normal cardiac myocytes from vehicle+vehicle group.
(A), vehicle+celecoxib group showing a mild organizing pericarditis (*) and adjacent normal cardiac myocytes (arrow) (B), normal cardiac myocytes from misoprostol+misoprostol group (C), misoprostol+celecoxib group showing a severe organizing pericarditis (*), and adjacent normal cardiac myocytes (arrow) (D).
Figure 9.
Glomerular TUNEL assay consisting of DAPI (nuclei), fluorescein (apoptotic marker), and merged sections for each group (vehicle+vehicle (A); vehicle+celecoxib (B); misoprostol+misoprostol (C); misoprostol+celecoxib (D)). 20x magnification.
Figure 10.
Tubular TUNEL assay consisting of DAPI (nuclei), fluorescein (apoptotic marker), and merged sections for each group (vehicle+vehicle (A); vehicle+celecoxib (B); misoprostol+misoprostol (C); misoprostol+celecoxib (D)), 20x magnification.
Table 5.
Quantification of apoptosis levels within glomeruli and tubules.
Figure 11.
Caspase-3 immunohistochemistry consisting of an isotype control, glomerular, and tubular sections for each group (vehicle+vehicle (A); vehicle+celecoxib (B); misoprostol+misoprostol (C); misoprostol+celecoxib (D)), 40x magnification.
Figure 12.
NKCC2 expression (A) and normalized bands (B) in treatment with vehicle (VEH+VEH), vehicle+celecoxib (VEH+CEL), misoprostol+misoprostol (MISO+MISO), or misoprostol+celecoxib (MISO+CEL).
Each immunoblot was conducted in triplicate. The values were not significantly different, p>0.05.
Figure 13.
NKCC2 immunohistochemistry consisting of an isotype control, then one section from each group (vehicle+vehicle (A); vehicle+celecoxib (B); misoprostol+misoprostol (C); misoprostol+celecoxib (D)) showing the presence of NKCC2 (arrows).
40x magnification and insert at 100x.
Figure 14.
NKA α-1 expression (A) and normalized bands (B) in treatment with vehicle (VEH+VEH), vehicle+celecoxib (VEH+CEL), misoprostol+misoprostol (MISO+MISO), or misoprostol+celecoxib (MISO+CEL).
Each immunoblot was conducted in triplicate. The values were not significantly different, p>0.05.
Table 6.
Celecoxib concentration in the plasma, kidney, and heart.