Table 1.
Quantitative estimates of occurrences of different chromosomal aberrations observed in Allium cepa root tip cells after exposure to the different concentrations (12.5, 25, 50, 100 µg/mL) of TiO2 NPs dispersion and untreated/control.
Table 2.
Mitotic Index in percentage (MI %) with the Standard Error (SE) for different exposure concentrations of TiO2 NPs where P, M, A, T stands for Prophase,Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase as Phase Index in percentage respectively.
Figure 1.
Various aberrant features observed upon exposure to 12.5 µg/mL (A) Chromosome break, (B) Disturbed anaphase, (C) Micronucleus formation, (D) Nuclear notch, (E) Nuclear blebbing.
Figure 2.
Various aberrant features observed upon exposure to 100 µg/mL(A) Chromosome break, (B) Sticky chromosome, (C) Binucleate cells, (D) Laggard chromosome, (E) Clumped chromosome, (F) Diagonal anaphase.
Figure 3.
Various aberrant features observed under fluorescence microscope upon exposure to 12.5 µg/mL(A)Sticky anaphase, (B) Diagonal anaphase, (C) Sticky metaphase, (D) Micronucleus formation, (E) Nuclear budding, (F) Binucleate cells.
Figure 4.
Various aberrant features observed under fluorescence microscope upon exposure to 100 µg/mL(A) Multipolar anaphase, (B) Laggard chromosome, (C)Binucleate cells.
Figure 5.
Various aberrant features observed under confocal laser scanning microscope upon exposure to 12.5 µg/mL(A) Chromosome break, (B) Chromosome bridge formation, (C) Disturbed nucleus and Nuclear notch, (D) Budding nucleus, (E) Micronucleus formation.
Figure 6.
Various aberrant features observed under confocal laser scanning microscope upon exposure to 100 µg/mL(A) Micronucleus formation, (B) Nuclear budding.
Figure 7.
Comet data (% tail DNA) of Allium cepa treated with different concentration of TiO2 NPs.
Figure 8.
Internalization of TiO2 NPs into the root tips as quantified though ICP-OES.
Figure 9.
Oxidative stress profile upon exposure to TiO2 NPs.