Table 1.
Primers used for Q-PCR amplification.
Figure 1.
Leakage of electrolytes in loquat fruitlets from ‘FS-NHB’ and ‘FT-JJ’ when treated with temperatures below freezing.
The data were presented as the mean ± SE (n = 3).
Figure 2.
Physiological changes in ‘FS-NHB’ and ‘FT-JJ’ fruitlets during freezing treatment.
A) O2. − generation rate; B) H2O2 content; C) MDA content; D) SOD activity; E) APX activity; F) CAT activity. The data were presented as the mean ± SE (n = 3).
Figure 3.
Immunogold labeling of dehydrin protein in loquat fruitlets.
A) ‘FS-NHB’ before freezing stress; B) ‘FT-JJ’ before freezing stress; C) ‘FS-NHB’ after freezing stress; D) ‘FT-JJ’ after freezing stress. CW, cell wall; the arrow indicates the dense labeling on the plasma membrane; Bar = 0.5 µm.
Table 2.
Immunogold labeling density of EjDHNs in fruitlets of ‘FS-NHB’ and ‘FT-JJ.’
Table 3.
Characteristics of loquat DHN protein sequence features.
Figure 4.
Alignment of multiple EjDHN amino acid sequences.
Conserved amino acid sequences are indicated by pink boxes for the Y-segment; blue boxes for the S-segment; and red boxes for the other Y-segment.
Figure 5.
Phylogenetic analysis of dehydrin proteins from loquat, apple, Arabidopsis thaliana, and barley.
An unrooted tree was generated using the MEGA5.0 program and neighbor-joining method. Proteins were arranged into classes I, II, III, and IV based on sequence similarities. GenBank accession numbers are as follows: seven loquat (Eriobotrya japonica; Ej) dehydrins including EjDHN1 (FJ472835), EjDHN2 (FJ472836), EjDHN3 (KF277187), EjDHN4 (KF277188), EjDHN5 (KF277189), EjDHN6 (KF277190), and EjDHN7 (KF277191); nine apple (Malus domestica, Md) dehydrins including MdDHN1 (JQ649456), MdDHN2 (JQ649457), MdDHN3 (JQ649458), MdDHN4 (JQ649459), MdDHN5 (JQ649460), MdDHN6 (JQ649461), MdDHN7 (JQ649462), MdDHN8 (JQ649463), and MdDHN9 (JQ649464); ten Arabidopsis thaliana (At) dehydrins including At1g20440 (AY11 4699), At1g20450 (AF360351), At1g54410 (NM_104319), At1g 76180 (AF339722), At2g21490 (BT000900), At3g50970 (NM_114957), At3g50980 (NM_114958), At4g38410 (NM_120003), At4g39130 (NM_120073), and At5g66400 (AY093779); and thirteen barley (Hordeum vulgare, Hv) dehydrins including HvDHN1 (AF043087), HvDHN2 (AF181452), HvDHN3 (AF181453), HvDHN4 (AF181454), HvDHN5 (AF181455), HvDHN6 (AF181456), HvDHN7 (AF181457), HvDHN8 (AF181458), HvDHN9 (AF181459), HvDHN10 (AF181460), HvDHN11 (AF043086), HvDHN12 (AF155129), and HvDHN13 (AY681974).
Figure 6.
Expression patterns of EjDHN genes in ‘FS-NHB’ and ‘FT-JJ’ fruitlets during freezing treatment.
The level of actin expression was used to normalize the mRNA levels in each sample, and mRNA levels produced by Q-PCR are expressed relative to actin levels. The data were presented as means mean ± SE (n = 3).