Figure 1.
Map showing the departments of Colombia and the location of the samples included in the present study.
The sample sizes (n = total number of chromosomes) are indicated for each population.
Figure 2.
Multidimensional scaling plot of the pairwise FST genetic distances calculated between samples from Africa, Europe, and different Colombian populations, including a sample from Native Americans (Pastos) (Stress = 0.0556).
The circle in the centre of the plot is grouping the samples with no significant population differentiation p-values detected (see Table S2).
Table 1.
Average gene diversity values among the 32 X-indel loci in the samples obtained from the Native American group (Pastos) and the six Colombian regions: South-West Andean Region (Nariño); Central-West Andean Region (Antioquia); Central-East Andean Region (Boyacá-Cundinamarca, Huila and Santander); Orinoquian Region (Arauca, Meta and Casanare); North Colombian Pacific Coast (Chocó); and the Caribbean Region (Cartagena).
Table 2.
Exact test p-values of linkage disequilibrium for the polymorphic loci not separated more than 1 Mb.
Figure 3.
Schematic representation of the global population (A) and individual (B) admixture estimates (IAEs) in 11 Colombian admixed populations, using STRUCTURE v2.3.3 software (K = 3; parameter set details in Material and Methods), for African, European and Native American ancestry proportions.
Table 3.
The interethnic admixture proportions using autosomal and X-chromosomal specific markers, considering three main ancestral contributors to the different regions of Colombia studied.