Table 1.
Brain landmarks tabulated from the literature.
Table 2.
Average intra-observer error and inter-observer error measured for landmarks.
Table 3.
Average intra-observer error by rater.
Figure 1.
Landmarks and the associated error analyzed in this study.
Left lateral view of a 3D reconstruction of the brain (anterior is to the left). Projected positions of landmarks are shown with numbers corresponding to Table 2. Cortical surface landmarks are white with white wireframe; subcortical landmarks are purple with purple wireframe. The size of the pink ellipses around each landmark indicate the magnitude of average precision (error) at anatomic scale. Landmarks for which no ellipse is visible had average error less than the 1.5 mm radius of the landmark marker. Note that the greatest magnitudes of error were associated with cortical surface landmarks.
Figure 2.
Histogram of the intra-observer precision of each landmark.
This histogram indicates the level of intra-observer precision associated with each landmark using the original (P1) and modified (P2) protocols. The error bar is equal to one standard deviation above and below the mean. Landmark numbers correspond with the landmark numbers in Table 2.
Figure 3.
Histogram of the inter-observer precision of each landmark.
This histogram indicates the level of inter-observer precision associated with each landmark using the original (P1) and modified (P2) protocols. Landmark numbers correspond with the landmark numbers in Table 2.