Figure 1.
Map showing the configuration of zones in the part of the Batemans Marine Park (NSW, Australia) included in our study.
The map highlights spatial arrangement of the network of no-take marine sanctuaries. • indicates the location of each BRUV sites.
Table 1.
Average direction of association for the six abundant and commonly-caught fish species (see methods) since the commencement of the zoning plan and potential explanatory variables in six offshore sanctuary zones in the Bateman Marine Park.
Figure 2.
nMDS ordination of fish assemblages represented as centroids for each site within sanctuary (white circles), habitat protection (light grey triangles) and general use (dark grey squares) zones since the commencement of the zoning plan for the Batemans Marine Park.
As there were no significant interactions between years and main effect contrasts (Table 1), points indicate site centroids averaged across years since establishment.
Table 2.
PERMANOVA analyses comparing the structure of fish assemblages using multivariate data on the richness and abundance (total max N) of fishes among zone types and among years since the commencement of the zoning plan.
Figure 3.
Mean (±1 SE) richness and total max N of fish assemblages and numerically-dominant family groups in general use (dark grey bars), habitat protection (light grey bars) and sanctuary (white bars) zones since the commencement of the zoning plan for the Batemans Marine Park.
Table 3.
PERMANOVA analyses comparing the total max N of the numerically-dominant families among zone types and among years since the commencement of the zoning plan using Euclidean distance.
Figure 4.
Mean (±1 SE) max N of fish species important to recreational and commercial fisheries in general use (dark grey bars), habitat protection (light grey bars) and sanctuary (white bars) zones in each year since the commencement of the zoning plan for the Batemans Marine Park.
Table 4.
PERMANOVA analyses comparing the max N of key fish species among zone types and among years since the commencement of the zoning plan.
Figure 5.
Mean (±1 SE) sanctuary zone to local fished areas ratio (SZ/FA) for richness and total max N of fish assemblages and numerically-dominant family groups in the Brush Island (BH), Murramarang (MG), Tollgate Islands (TL), Burrewarra (BA), Broulee Island (BE) and Mullimburra (MA) sanctuary zones.
Bars represent the main effects of sanctuary zone averaged across years since establishment.
Table 5.
PERMANOVA analyses comparing the sanctuary zone to local fished area ratio (SZ/FA) for univariate measures of fish assemblages, numerically-dominant families and key fish species among sanctuary zones (SZ) and among years since the commencement of the zoning plan for the Batemans Marine Park.