Table 1.
Chemical constituents of essential oil of leaves of Hyptis martiusii Benth.
Table 2.
Effect of the essential oil of Hyptis martiusii (EOHM) on gastric secretion parameters basal or stimulated by histamine (20 mg/kg), bethanechol (2.5 mg/kg) or pentagastrin (400 µg/kg) in Wistar rats subjected to pylorus ligature.
Figure 1.
Effect of the essential oil of Hyptis martiusii (EOHM) on quantification of mucus (A), levels of malondialdehyde (B) and sulfhydryl groups (C) in the gastric ulcers model induced by ethanol (70%, 0.5 mL/100 g), in the healing ulcer (D) and body weight of rats (E) after formation of chronic ulcer induced by 30% acetic acid.
The non-injured control group (CN) received no treatment. The experimental groups received 1% Tween-80 aqueous solution (CL or C, injured control), pantoprazole (P, 40 mg/kg), N-acetylcysteine (NAC, 750 mg/kg) or EOHM (400 mg/kg). Results are expressed as mean ± S. E. M. ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (*p<0.05 vs. non-injured control group-CN and #p<0.05 vs. injured control group-CL).
Table 3.
Effect of oral administration of essential oil of Hyptis martiusii (EOHM) on gastric lesions induced by ethanol in Wistar rats pretreated with L-NAME (Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, 70 mg/kg) or NEM (N-ethylmaleimide, 10 mg/kg).
Figure 2.
Effect of the essential oil of Hyptis martiusii (EOHM) on the macroscopical appearance of the gastric mucosa in rats after the induction of gastric lesions by ethanol (70%, 0.5 mL/100 g, p.o).
The non-injured control group (A) received no treatment. (B) injured control (1% Tween-80 aqueous solution), (C) pantoprazole (40 mg/kg), (D) N-acetylcysteine (750 mg/kg) or (E) EOHM (400 mg/kg).
Figure 3.
Histological study and immunohistochemical analysis for PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) of gastric mucosa of rats treated with 1% Tween-80 aqueous solution (control), pantoprazole (40 mg/kg) and essential oil of Hyptis martiusii (EOHM, 400 mg/kg) for 14 days after injury induced by 30% acetic acid.
The filled arrow indicates the absence of the epithelial layer (ulcer area internal) and the dashed arrow indicates epithelial layer remaining (ulcer edge). Haematoxylin/eosin (HE) and Periodic Acid–Schiff staining (PAS), magnification, 40×. Microphotographs depict PCNA immunoreactivity in the groups, magnification, 200× (control) and 500× (pantoprazole or EOHM).