Figure 1.
Flow diagram for the review process and outcomes of inclusion and exclusion.
Table 1.
Characteristics of Studies Included in the Meta-analysis.
Figure 2.
Forest plots of the pooled sensitivity (A) and specificity (B) of urine kidney injury molecule 1 level in predicting acute kidney injury across all settings.
The black squares in the gray squares and the horizontal lines represent the point estimate and 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively. The dotted line represents the pooled estimate, and the diamond shape represents the 95% CI of the pooled estimate.
Figure 3.
Forest plot of the pooled diagnostic odds ratio of urine kidney injury molecule 1 level in predicting acute kidney injury across all settings.
The black squares in the graysquares and the horizontal lines representthe point estimate and 95% confidence interval(CI), respectively. The dotted line represents the pooled estimate, and the diamond shape represents the 95% CI of the pooled estimate.
Figure 4.
Hierarchical summary receiver perating characteristic (SROC) plots of urine kidney injury molecule 1 level to predict acute kidney injury across all settings.
The curve is represented by the straight line; each of the analyzed studies is represented by a circle; the point estimate to which summary sensitivity (SENS) and specificity (SPEC) correspond is represented by the diamond shape, and the respective 95% confidence intervals, by the dashed line, whereas the 95% confidence area in which a new study will be located is represented by the dotted line. Abbreviation: AUC, area under the curve.
Figure 5.
Funnel plot for the evaluation of potential publication bias in diagnosis of KIM-1 for AKI.
Table 2.
Performance of Urinary KIM-1 for AKI diagnosis in Studies Included in the meta-analysis.
Table 3.
Subgroup analysis based on different standard.
Table 4.
Subgroup analysis based on patient type and detection time.