Figure 1.
Distribution of glacial lakes in the central Himalayas.
Figure 2.
Field observations for glacial lakes: (a) the rapidly expanding Lake Longbasaba in 2012; (b) an areally increasing glacial lake at the Middle Rongbu Glacier near Mount Qomolangma (Everest) in 2008.
Table 1.
Number and area of glacial lakes at different areal ranks in 1990, 2000, 2005 and 2010.
Table 2.
Processes of glacial lake changes in areas and numbers from 1990 to 2010.
Table 3.
Changes to pro- and supra-glacial lakes from 1990 to 2010.
Figure 3.
Distribution and change of glacial lakes at different altitudinal zones on the north (a and c) and south sides (b and d) of the main central Himalayan range.
Table 4.
Contrast of glacial lakes on the north and south sides of the main central Himalayan range.
Table 5.
Rapidly expanding glacial lakes in different river basins.
Figure 4.
GLOF events and changes in typical critical glacial lakes within the study area.
Table 6.
List of typical glacial lakes in the central Himalayas.
Figure 5.
Annual mean temperature (a) and annual precipitation (b) change in the central Himalayas from 1981 to 2010.