Figure 1.
Alignment of avenin amino acid sequences.
The derived amino acid sequences of the nine cv CDC Dancer avenins are aligned with ClustalW. Positions within the total alignment are noted above the sequences. Domains of the polypeptides are indicated below the sequences in Roman numerals. Amino acid residue positions conserved in all nine sequences are shaded blue. Conservation being defined as the same amino acid or amino acids with similar characteristics; i.e., D/E, F/Y, K/R, L/I/V/A, S/T. Cysteine residues are shaded yellow. Horizontal red lines separate major subclasses. The vertical red line indicates the site of cleavage of the signal peptide during post-translational processing.
Figure 2.
Model of oat avenin polypeptide organization.
The avenin polypeptide structure is shown divided into regions labeled by Roman numerals (I to VI). The signal peptide is SIG. Two glutamine plus proline/leucine regions are indicated and shaded. Cysteine residue positions are indicated by an S (representing the cysteine sulfhydryl group) and lines connecting the cysteines are intramolecular bonds previously determined for an oat avenin [16]. (S) represents the additional cysteine in some avenins.
Table 1.
Oat cv CDC Dancer avenin and globulin protein characteristics.
Figure 3.
Phylogenetic tree of CDC Dancer avenins.
The avenin amino acid alignment in Figure 1 is used to generate a phylogenetic tree by the Neighbor-joining algorithm. Tree validity was checked by bootstrap using 500 iterations.
Figure 4.
The repetitive units for domains II and IV are arrayed vertically for four of the CDC Dancer avenins.
Figure 5.
Phylogenetic tree of CDC Dancer globulins.
Shown is a phylogenetic tree oat avenin amino acid sequences constructed by the Neighbor-joining algorithm from a ClustalW alignment of all 24 CDC Dancer globulins (in bold) and the eight oat globulin sequences currently available in Genbank (labeled by accession numbers). Astericks indicate partial sequences. Tree validity was checked by bootstrap using 500 iterations.
Figure 6.
Alignment of oat globulin amino acid sequences.
Sixteen of the CDC Dancer globulin derived amino acid sequences are aligned by ClustalW. Sequences are labeled by number only; i.e., “2” indicates sequence Glo-2. Not shown are eight sequences that are either C-terminal truncated or almost identical to shown sequences. The horizontal red line separates two main classes of oat globulins. The vertical red line indicates the end of the signal peptide. Amino acid residue positions conserved in all sixteen sequences are shaded blue. Conservation is defined as the same amino acid or amino acids with similar characteristics; i.e., D/E, F/Y, K/R, L/I/V/A, S/T. Cysteine residues are shaded yellow. The arrowhead following position 326 indicates site of the post-translational cleavage generating two disulfide crosslinked polypeptides. Premature stop codons are indicated by boxed periods in Glo-10 and Glo-15.