Figure 1.
Study boundary (red line) and location of lanternfish species occurrence records (green dots).
Major currents and frontal systems shown schematically by grey arrows (SEC = South Equatorial Current, NQC = North Queensland Current, HC = Hiri Current, CSG = Coral Sea Gyre, EAC = East Australian Current, STC = Subtropical Convergence, SAF = Subantarctic Front). Purple line indicates the Australian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). 200 m bathymetric contour denoting the continental shelf and subsequent 1000 m intervals shown.
Table 1.
Codes assigned to describe the vertical migration characteristics of lanternfish species.
Figure 2.
Predicted distributions of Electrona risso (top row) and standard errors (bottom row).
From left to right: 0 m, 150 m and 500 m depth envelopes. Green dots indicate all occurrence records of E. risso.
Figure 3.
Predicted distributions of Diaphus mollis (top row) and standard errors (bottom row).
From left to right: 0 m, 150 m and 500 m depth envelopes. Green dots indicate all occurrence records of D. mollis.
Figure 4.
Predicted distributions of for Diaphus luetkeni (top row) and standard errors (bottom row).
From left to right: 0 m, 150 m and 500 m depth envelopes. Green dots indicate all occurrence records of D. luetkeni.
Figure 5.
Species-wise dendrogram of MAXENT logistic scores (Ochiai similarity).
Species colour-coded by presence within each of 5 regions identified in the area-wise analysis (see Figure S1).
Figure 6.
Boxplot summary of percentage contribution of environmental covariates to MAXENT species-habitat models for 95 lanternfish species.
Three depth strata (0 m, 150 m and 500 m) tested for variables nitrate (n), phosphate (P), oxygen (O2), salinity (sal) and temperature (temp). Boxes represent median and interquartile range, whiskers span data range, black circles represent outliers and stars represent extreme values.
Figure 7.
Visualisation of the 4-group hypothesis of lanternfish zoogeographic regions overlaid on biogeographic regions of Longhurst [26] (Green lines) and Condie and Dunn [27] (Purple lines).
The heat maps represent mean logistic scores that can be interpreted as model predictions of likelihood of occurrence from high (warm colours) to low (cool colours). Heat maps are provided for each of the 4 hypothesised regions, clockwise from top left: Coral Sea region, STLW region, Subantarctic region, STC/South Tasman region. 200 m bathymetric contour denoting the continental shelf is shown.