Figure 1.
Chemical structures of neonicotinoid insecticides, imidacloprid, acetamiprid and clothianidin, and selected metabolites.
Figure 2.
Representative mass chromatograms of LC/TOFMS for N-desmethyl-acetamiprid (AM-2) (red): The X-axis is molecular weight and the Y-axis is retention time. The upper row is for the positive control and the lower row is for the human urine (#1). The left column is positive mode and the right column is negative mode.
Figure 3.
LC/MS/MS of the extract of standard urine solution containing acetamiprid (green), N-desmethyl-acetamiprid (AM-2) (blue) and internal standard (I.S.) (red).
Figure 4.
LC/MS/MS of the extract of urine of one case (#1) containing acetamiprid (green), N-desmethyl-acetamiprid (AM-2) (blue) and internal standard (I.S.) (red).