Table 1.
Average, maximum, SD and CV of the cumulative impact scores within the seven Mediterranean ecoregions and the Black Sea.
Figure 1.
Spatial distribution of cumulative impacts to marine ecosystems of the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
Inserts at the bottom show larger views of the Alboran (left), Northern Tyrrhenian (center), and Aegean Sea (right). Colors correspond to the different impact categories listed in the legend.
Table 2.
Percent of national territorial waters of Mediterranean and Black Sea EU member states within different impact categories: very high impact (Ic>15.52); high impact (12–15.52); medium-high impact (8.47–12); medium impact (4.95–8.47); low impact (1.4–4.95); and very low impact (<1.4).
Figure 2.
Spatial distribution of cumulative impacts to the territorial waters of EU member states.
Inserts at the bottom show larger views of the Alboran (left), Northern Tyrrhenian (center), and Aegean Seas (right). Colors correspond to the different impact categories listed in the legend. Territorial waters extend 12 nm from the coastline.
Figure 3.
Average Impact scores of drivers.
Average impact scores for each driver are reported within (a) the entire Mediterranean and Black Sea, and (b) the territorial waters of EU member states.
Figure 4.
Spatial distribution of cumulative impact of driver categories.
Driver categories are: climate (i.e. the combined cumulative impact of temperature and UV increase, and acidification; top left), fishing (all fishing types combined; top right), sea-based drivers (commercial shipping, invasive species, oil spills and oil rigs; bottom left) and land-based drivers (nutrient input, organic pollution, urban runoff, risk of hypoxia and coastal population density; bottom right). Color scales correspond to highest (red) to lowest (blue) cumulative impact, within each panel. Different scales were used in each panel to better highlight spatial patterns for each driver category.
Figure 5.
Percent contribution of different drivers to the average cumulative impact score of each ecoregion.
Percent contributions are reported with (a) and without (b) climatic drivers. Some drivers (different demersal and pelagic fisheries, and different types of pollution from land) are aggregated to show relative contributions more clearly.