Table 1.
Formulations of the questionnaire items and the psychometric characteristics.
Figure 1.
Mediation model with family-related factor (independent variable), breakfast consumption (mediator), BMI-z-score (dependent variable) and the different coefficients.
c- coefficient: estimate of the association between family-related factor item and BMI-z-score. c’-coefficient: estimate of the association between family-related factor and BMI-z-score, adjusted for children’s breakfast consumption (mediator). a –coefficient: estimate of the association between family-related factor and children’s breakfast consumption (mediator). b_coefficient: estimate of the association between children’s breakfast consumption (mediator) and children’s BMI-z-score, adjusted for family-related factor.
Table 2.
Descriptive statistics of the study sample (n = 6374 child-parent dyads).
Table 3.
Associations between independent (family-related factors) and dependent variable (children’s BMI-z-score), action and conceptual theory test, and mediation effects of children’s breakfast behaviour (times per week) on the association between independent and dependent variable.