Table 1.
Characteristics of CRPS patients.
Figure 1.
A heatmap based on gene expression patterns.
Red and green represent an increase and the decrease in the gene expression levels, respectively, compared between 4 patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and 5 controls. Fold change ≥1.5 and p<0.05.
Figure 2.
The functional categories of significantly regulated genes above 1.5-fold change (p<0.05).
Each bar represents the percentage of up- and down-regulated genes in each category.
Table 2.
Eighty up- or down- regulated genes in CRPS patients.
Figure 3.
Validation of DEGs selected through microarray analysis by qRT-PCR.
Bars represent the fold change in CRPS relative to controls for microarray data and qRT-PCR data and the fold change is the base-2 logarithm scale. Values are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM); n = 4 for microarray and n = 24 for qRT-PCR. Each experiment of qRT-PCR was performed in triplicate. Statistical significance is indicated by the number of star symbols; *p = 0.01 to <0.05; **p = 0.001 to 0.01; ***p<0.001.
Figure 4.
Quantitative qRT-PCR analyses of 10 selected genes.
Bars represent the fold change, expressed as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) in CRPS, CRPS I and CRPS II relative to controls. Fold changes were calculated relative to the average expression of controls by using the 2∧ (−ΔΔCt) method. Each experiment was performed in triplicate. Statistical significance is indicated by the number of star symbols; *p = 0.01 to <0.05; **p = 0.001 to 0.01; ***p<0.001.