Figure 1.
Effect of deep brain stimulation on motor impairment as assessed by the Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale-Motor Score (UHDRS-MS).
Bar histograms (panel A) represent means ± SEM (n= 11 patients). Line plots (panels B, C) show individual values per patient plotted at each of three time points: 2-6 months preoperatively (PREOP), 1-5 months postoperatively (early post-operative: EPOP), and 6 months or more after surgery (last outcome reporting: LOR). Individual data curves are shown in panel B, whereas panel C depicts percentage changes at EPOP and LOR with PREOP values set to 100% to make improvements and deteriorations easier to distinguish. Scores of patient 7 correspond to the Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale-Motor part (BFMDRS-M) [16]. **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 versus PREOP time point (Bonferroni test after ANOVA: F(2, 20)= 15.11, p< 0.001, n= 11).
Figure 2.
Effect of deep brain stimulation on independence and functional impairment as assessed by the Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale-Independence Score (UHDRS-IS) and UHDRS-Functional Capacity Score (UHDRS-FCS), respectively.
Bar histograms (panels A, D) represent means ± SEM (n= 11 patients). Line plots (panels B, C, E, F) show individual values per patient plotted at each of three time points: 2-6 months preoperatively (PREOP), 1-5 months postoperatively (early post-operative: EPOP), and 6 months or more after surgery (last outcome reporting: LOR). Individual data curves are shown in panels B and E, whereas panels C and F depict percentage changes at EPOP and LOR with PREOP values set to 100% to make improvements and deteriorations easier to distinguish. *p<0.05 versus the corresponding PREOP time point (Bonferroni test after ANOVA: F(2, 20)= 4.72, p< 0.05, n= 11, and F(2, 20)= 5.94, p< 0.01, n= 11, for UHDRS-IS and UHDRS-FCS, respectively).
Figure 3.
Regression analysis between preoperative (PREOP) severity of motor impairment, as assessed by the Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale-Motor Score (UHDRS-MS), and motor severity improvement at early and late post-operative time points (EPOP, panel A, r = 0.66, r2 = 0.44, p< 0.05, n=13; LOR, panel B, r = 0.67, r2 = 0.45, p< 0.05, n=11); and motor severity improvement versus functional improvement, as assessed by the UHDRS-Functional Capacity Score (UHDRS-FCS), at EPOP (panel C, r = 0.63, r2 = 0.40, p< 0.05, n=13) and LOR (panel D, r = 0.67, r2 = 0.45, p< 0.05, n=11) time points.
For each patient, motor and functional improvements correspond to the difference between appropriate UHDRS scores at PREOP and EPOP or LOR time points.