Figure 1.
Morphological and morphometric characterization of adipose tissue from UC and CD patients.
A. Haematoxylin-eosin staining of omental (OM) and mesenteric adipose (MES) tissue sections from one representative ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) patient. Magnification is 10X. B. Mean adipocyte size from different adipose tissue depots from 11 UC and 11 CD patients. Data are expressed as means ± SE, *P<0.05 between OM and MES in UC and CD patients.
Figure 2.
Gene expression analysis of isolated adipocytes from UC and CD patients.
A. Clustering of global gene expression in omental adipose tissue (OM) and mesenteric adipose tissue around the involved intestinal tract (MES) in ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) patients.
B. Numbers of detected genes and percentage of differentially expressed genes in UC OM vs. CD OM and in UC MES vs. CD MES. Details of down- and up-regulated genes are indicated.
C. Functional annotations of genes differentially expressed in UC OM vs. UC MES, in UC OM vs. CD OM and in UC MES vs. CD MES. GO: Gene Ontology-Biological Process. The first five most significant clusters of up- and down-regulated genes are shown.
Figure 3.
Validation of microarray data by Real Time quantitative PCR.
A. Expression of metallothionein 1G (MT1G), metallothionein 1E (MT1E), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) mRNA in omental adipose tissue (OM) from Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.
B. Expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFA), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and defensin beta 1 (DEF1B) in CD and UC MES.
Data were normalized to human ribosomal protein LP0 (RPLP0) and are expressed as arbitrary units (AU) ± SE, *P<0.05.
Figure 4.
Detection of intestinal bacteria in visceral fat from UC and CD patients.
Fluorescent immunodetection of Enterococcus faecalis (red) in omental adipose tissue (OM) and mesenteric adipose tissue (MES) from 1 representative ulcerative colitis (UC) and 1 Crohn's disease (CD) patient by confocal microscopy. Magnification is 40X. Nuclei are counterstained in blue (DAPI, 4',6-diamidin-2-fenilindolo).
Figure 5.
Effects of bacterial infection on adipocyte proliferation rate.
Mean cell number ± SE of omental preadipocytes (SVF) and 10-day differentiated adipocytes (ADIPO) from 4 patients (2UC and 2CD) after 24h incubation with (SVF EF and ADIPO EF) or without (SVF C and ADIPO C) 0.001 McFarland Enterococcus faecalis. *P<0.05.