Table 1.
Peptides investigated in this study.
Table 2.
Calcein dye leakage from large unilamellar vesicles treated with peptides.
Figure 1.
Transmission electron micrographs of negatively stained calcein-containing DOPC LUVs treated with peptides.
A. Untreated DOPC:DOPG LUVs, magnification 36,000×, scale bar 500 nm; B. DOPC:DOPG LUVs treated with PuroA, magnification 40,000×, scale bar 200 nm; C. DOPC:DOPG LUVs treated with PuroA, magnification 25,000×, scale bar 200 nm; D. DOPC:DOPG LUVs treated with Pina-M, magnification 30,000×, scale bar 200 nm; E. Untreated DOPC LUVs, magnification 50,000×, scale bar 200 nm; F. DOPC LUVs treated with Pina-M, magnification 50,000×, scale bar 200 nm.
Table 3.
Propidium iodide uptake by yeast cells treated with peptides.
Figure 2.
Scanning electronmicrographs of S. cerevisiae cells treated with PuroA, Pina-M, Pina-W→F and PuroB.
A. No-peptide control, magnification 28,000×, scale bar 1 µm; B. PuroA 64 µg/mL, magnification 28,000×, scale bar 1 µm; C. PuroA 125 µg/mL, magnification 28,000×, scale bar 1 µm; D. Pina-M 64 µg/mL, magnification 28,000×, scale bar 200 nm; E. Pina-M 125 µg/mL, magnification 29,000×, scale bar 200 nm; F. Pina-W→W 125 µg/mL, magnification 28,000×, scale bar 200 nm; G. Pina-W→W 250 µg/mL, magnification 29,000×, scale bar 200 nm; H. PuroB 250 µg/mL, magnification 29,000×, scale bar 200 nm.
Figure 3.
Interaction of peptides with plasmid DNA.
Binding of peptides to DNA assessed by measuring the retardation of plasmid DNA (pBluescript SK+, 100 ng) migration through an agarose gel. The peptide concentration indicated above each lane represents 0, 16, 32, 64, 125, 250 and 500 µg/mL. A: PuroA; B: Pina-M, C: PuroB.
Table 4.
Gel retardation and E. coli cell filamentation assays for peptide-DNA binding.
Figure 4.
Morphology of E. coli cells treated with peptides.
The cells were incubated with peptides for 3°C and observed using light microscopy at 1000×magnification under oil emersion. A. No peptide control; B. PuroA 32 µg/mL; C. Pina-M 8 µg/mL; D. Indolicidin 32 µg/mL.